While jobs in manufacturing or high-tech rise and fall with the fortunes of the economy, an aging population and medical advances mean health care positions are among the fastest-growing jobs. How fast? Eight of the 20 fastest-growing occupations are in health care. More new hourly and salaried jobs ââ?¬â? about 19%, or 3.6 million ââ?¬â? created between 2004 and 2014 will be in health care than in any other industry, according to the U.S. Department of Labor.