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Category: Opinion

Alumna recounts sexual assault at UW

Daily Cardinal

….My rape incident happened to me in the least expected of places ? at UW-Madison, a university that I had grown to call home. It happened in my apartment ? a place I had lived comfortably for three years. It is true what they say. You never think it is going to happen to you until it does. And then, it is all you can think about. Sometimes for weeks, or in my case, for months…It is a well-known fact that sexual assaults are one of the most underreported crimes in the nation. And I contributed to that trend. But I never thought that university officials, or police officers, would play a part in that process.

Plain Talk: Photos make case for burying power lines

Capital Times

The ?beauty? of overhead power lines has always been in the eye of the beholder. Many can overlook their ugliness as a necessary evil if cities and businesses are to develop and expand. Retired UW-Madison Chancellor John Wiley, a renowned research engineer, would joke that while others might see a transmission tower as a blight on the landscape, an engineer sees them as a work of art. They are, after all, what brings the power to make things go. Obviously, employees at the UW Arboretum don?t see them as art.

PETA slanders UW scientists

Badger Herald

People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals filed a complaint over University of Wisconsin animal research, which they believe violates the Animal Welfare Act. The allegations specifically cited veterinary care without adequate anesthesia, which allegedly caused significant suffering to a cat creatively nicknamed ?Double Trouble.?

Respectful ASM needs to branch out

Daily Cardinal

If we can learn anything from the Associated Students of Madison, it is that history repeats itself. With each session comes new representatives, ideas and debates, but through it all ASM has seemingly been forever plagued with the unofficial ?parties? that impede its progress. So far this year, student council has seemingly operated productively with mutual respect on both sides of the table. In comparison to last year, meetings have run smoother and been hours shorter.

Chris Rickert: Heroes, villains and humans

Wisconsin State Journal

Public television?s investigative series “Frontline” did a great job last week telling the life stories of President Barack Obama and Republican challenger Mitt Romney. So great it actually made me want to vote for them. Not because they came off as particularly brilliant or capable or caring. But rather because they came off as all these things and more, including unserious, haughty and ineffectual. Human, in other words.

Arguably at the forefront of efforts to understand what fuels political stance-taking in Wisconsin is UW-Madison associate political science professor Kathy Cramer Walsh, who spent more than a year gathering the opinions of regular folk in face-to-face interviews around the state. In a guest column in this newspaper in June she noted that “politics is often … about us versus them” and candidates “often make claims about the ?type? of people they are battling on behalf of.”

Plain Talk: Fans gouged by Camp Randall carry-in rules

A fellow named Bob Drane of Madison had a letter to the editor published in the Wisconsin State Journal earlier this week that hit the nail on the head. Drane said he observed a small sample of the ?money gouging tactics? that average sports fans ?find disheartening.?….One of the foibles of turning old is that you remember times when things weren?t so tethered to the almighty dollar.

John Nichols: Yes, Ryan should appear at UW

Capital Times

It has been suggested that Republican vice presidential nominee Paul Ryan should make a campaign stop on the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus. Conservatives who objected to the way in which UW officials managed President Obama?s visit last week want Ryan to visit in order to test the commitment of the UW to a genuine ?sifting and winnowing? of ideas. It?s a great idea. Schedule Ryan for a rally on Bascom Hill. Give his campaign the same cooperation that the Obama campaign got. And let?s see how things go for the crown prince of conservatism.

Attorney General J.B. Van Hollen: Preventing rape on college campuses

Capital Times

As students pursue this fall semester on our college campuses, it is important to be aware of the risk of sexual assault. The American Association of University Women reports that up to one in four women experience unwanted sexual intercourse while attending college in the United States, and that one in 12 college men admit to acts that meet the legal definition of rape. Institutions of higher learning can and should help to prevent sexual assault on campus. The University of Wisconsin-Madison has launched a new initiative to do just that, with an interactive online program called ?Tonight? that is now required viewing for all first-year students.

….Wisconsin is home to many reputable colleges and universities whose goal is to create a safe and secure learning environment for all. Effectively addressing sexual violence with students, faculty, and staff is critical to achieving that goal. We should commend UW-Madison for implementing the ?Tonight? program, and we should encourage all of our colleges and universities to communicate similar messages to incoming students.

Sunday Morning Quarterback: Are booing Badgers fans spoiled or rightfully demanding?

Madison.com

For the second time in the last three games at Camp Randall Stadium, fans have rained boos on the University of Wisconsin football team as it heads to the locker room at halftime. Depending on your perspective, that could be interpreted two ways….The bottom line: For a team that has been a work in progress and probably will ride a rollercoaster the rest of the way, it’s obviously not an easy audience.

UW?s handling of Obama visit partisan, biased

Badger Herald

Students gathered Thursday to hear one of the most significant political figures of our time speak in the heart of their campus: the first African-American president in the White House, the second visit from a sitting president in two years since President Harry Truman in 1950, all coming together on Bascom HIll. President Barack Obama?s second visit will surely be remembered. 

Strengthening systems would improve public higher education

Inside Higher Education

Each school acts in a hypercompetitive, prestige- and resource-seeking space that feels almost Darwinian — each striving to be the best and allowing those falling behind to simply die away. Given the tremendous potential supply of college-goers most public institutions enjoy, their adherence to this approach is remarkable. Instead of flagships working in tandem with sister schools to find places for each of the state?s high school graduates, they try to hog as many resources as possible, leaving other campuses to struggle with less. The greater good suffers. (A column by Sara Goldrick-Rab, UW-Madison education professor.)

Dawn Kubly: Health advances require research on humans

Wisconsin State Journal

The gold standard of research is the ability to reproduce results. Interestingly, it was reported in August that recent National Institutes of Health experiments on caloric restriction and longevity in monkeys came to a different conclusion than a similar study at UW-Madison.

Four steps to dramatically reduce poverty in the state

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

According to the University of Wisconsin-Madison?s Institute for Research on Poverty, more than 20% of all Wisconsinites – and more than 50% of our state?s seniors – would fall below the poverty line but for government policies such as Social Security, food stamps, the Earned Income Tax Credit and the Homestead Credit.

Joel Rogers’ view from the high road

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Yesterday, the Washington Free Beacon reported that the UW-Madison-based Center on Wisconsin Strategies COWS is attempting to form a national progressive answer to the American Legislative Exchange Council ALEC. Over the past few years, ALEC, which drafts model legislation that promotes free markets and less government, has become a primary target of the left.

University discourages required exams on Yom Kippur, religious holidays

Daily Cardinal

University of Wisconsin-Madison students who celebrate Christmas and Easter never have to worry about taking an exam while observing their holidays. But for students who observe holidays such as Yom Kippur, this is not the case. Yom Kippur is a Jewish high holiday in which those observing fast and pray to atone and repent, this year from sundown Tuesday to sundown Wednesday.

Doug Bradley: The Music, Media and Mayhem of Vietnam

Huffington Post

Vietnam. The term comes trip-wired with disagreement and controversy. Hawk vs. dove, hippies vs. establishment, peace and love vs. war and hate, and on and on. As a Vietnam veteran, I am convinced that we will argue about Vietnam until all of us baby boomers are dead and gone.

Donata Oertel and Peter Lipton: Harassment of researchers must stop

Wisconsin State Journal

Almost everyone at some time receives medical care that improves the quality of life, extends it or even saves it. Health care is effective because the underlying causes of diseases are understood, often because treatments have been developed and tested on experimental animals. Our children are protected from polio by animal research. The veterinary care of our pets and farm animals, too, has benefited from experimental work on animals. But the development of new treatments for humans and animals here in Madison is being threatened by the actions of animal rights activists, notably People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals and their subsidiary, the Alliance for Animals.

(Oertel and Lipton are both professors in the UW-Madison Department of Neuroscience. The column was written by them on behalf of 65 UW-Madison faculty members.)

UW admin on right track with recent Adidas lawsuit

Badger Herald

Cornell University just dropped its contract with sports apparel juggernaut Adidas amid allegations that after the closing of an Indonesian factory, the company neglected to compensate over 2,700 workers with the $1.8 million dollars they were due. The University of Wisconsin-Madison also contracts with Adidas, and has raised similar concerns over workers? rights in Asia, but has been reluctant to sever its contract. Instead, the university has filed a lawsuit with Dane County District Court, claiming that company violated a code of conduct.

Jim Cooper and Alan I. Leshner: It’s time to get serious about science

Capital Times

The champion of mocking science was the late Wisconsin Sen. William Proxmire, whose Golden Fleece Awards enlivened dull Senate floor proceedings from 1975 until 1988. His monthly awards became a staple of news coverage. He generated good laughs back home by talking about a “wacko” in a lab coat experimenting with something seemingly stupid. Proxmire did not invent the mad-scientist stereotype, but he did much to popularize it.

….The United States may now risk falling behind in scientific discoveries as other countries increase their science funding. We need to get serious about science. In fact, maybe it’s time for researchers to fight back, to return a comeback for every punch line.

Dr. Lawrence Hansen: Cruel cat experiments unnecessary

Wisconsin State Journal

I was invited by UW-Madison last year to participate in a series of lectures exploring the ethics of animal research. I made the case that the reality of experiments on animals is largely hidden from the public and that many would consider what routinely happens to cats, dogs and monkeys in labs to be torture. I explained that many current experiments on animals have a tenuous link to improving human health.

Letter: Cabs on State Street keep students and community safe

Daily Cardinal

As students at UW-Madison, time spent on State Street is a large part of the Badger Experience. Students working, living, and enjoying themselves on State will carry those experiences with them for the rest of their lives. This past summer, students? safety and enjoyment of State Street was severely threatened.

Food industry’s impact goes beyond ‘organic’ paradigm

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Not surprisingly, food science has deep roots in Wisconsin, as well. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, which dates to 1893, food safety and nutrition has long been a staple. Scientists at CALS are studying how bacteria can hitch a ride on plants to get to humans; how wildlife intrusions in fields where crops are grown can spread disease; and how environmental conditions can affect food sources.

Researchers at the Great Lakes Bioenergy Center in Madison are learning more about using nonfood sources, such as fast-growing trees and corn stover, to produce next-generation biofuels. That affects the food chain because it would mean using less farmland for ethanol production – a valid concern in this year?s drought.

Chinese investment risky for university

Daily Cardinal

Where my concern comes from is that we are working with Chinese government officials as our relationship grows. After all, this is the same Chinese government that engenders such a high level of corruption that even its own autocratic system believes that corruption is a major threat to the country. On top of this, multinational corporations love to advertise the image that they are cleaning up China, when the reality is China is on the verge of an environmental catastrophe.

William Tracy: National business leaders call for more state money for UW-Madison

Capital Times

National business leaders who understand the importance of research universities to our economic future are telling Wisconsin lawmakers that they need to put more state money into the University of Wisconsin-Madison. ?America is driven by innovation ? advances in ideas, products and processes that create new industries and jobs,? the report says. ?In the past half-century, innovation itself has been increasingly driven by educated people and the knowledge they produce. Our nation?s primary source of both new knowledge and graduates with advanced skills continues to be our research universities.

Student organization creation process needs to be simpler

Daily Cardinal

When I attended my Student Orientation and Registration (SOAR) session three years ago I was told the requirements to form a student organization on this campus were minimal. The University only demanded that the organization be composed of at least three students, and I don?t even remember hearing that an adviser was needed. Because I have held ?leadership? positions in two organizations, I can tell you first hand that the requirements to form and register an organization have expanded dramatically. This is my complaint letter.

New committee?s future rests on student?s shoulders

Daily Cardinal

New Legislation has recently been proposed to the UW-Madison student government concerning the creation of a new committee. The Sustainability Committee of the Associated Students of Madison would focus of issues concerning sustainability on campus. There are four areas of focus that this committee plans to address while in existence. These are campus water use, energy use, land use and food sourcing. Solutions to these important issues will come through policy mechanisms in student government and working with UW-Madison faculty and administration.

Rob Nixon: Rachel Carson’s Prescience

Chronicle of Higher Education

Fifty years ago, on September 27, 1962, Houghton Mifflin published Rachel Carson?s Silent Spring, among the 20th century?s most influential books. To honor the anniversary, the University of Cape Town invited me to lead an interdisciplinary forum this past June on Carson?s environmental legacy.

The value of supporting our public universities

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

When I finished high school, it wasn?t clear that I would ever attend college. I had no savings and no prospects for significant financial aid.I did have a job at McDonald?s, and I made enough to get by while still living with my mom. With few other options, and putting aside my longstanding interest in science, I seriously considered simply working my way up to manager and being satisfied with that. [Acolumn by Grant Petty, atmospheric science professor at UW-Madison.]

Madison360: Race, rural identity shape Wisconsin politics

Capital Times

If, after all that?s happened, you still can?t understand the appeal of Gov. Scott Walker and his arch-conservative allies, you might consider the roles of race and rural identity in Wisconsin. They seem to be crucial drivers in the anti-government tidal wave that has washed over our political landscape. That is a central finding of a major paper by Katherine Cramer Walsh, a University of Wisconsin-Madison political scientist who has been widely applauded for a research style that relies more on personal interaction and group observation than on polling.

Chris Rickert: Higher education, but lower standards

Wisconsin State Journal

It struck me as pretty ironic last week that even with Wisconsin?s new looser, alternative path to a teacher?s license, public school teachers probably are more likely to know what they?re doing than the public university teachers many students will get just a couple of years later. Such is the way of the American education system, where K-12 teachers must have years of training and meet multiple state licensing requirements, but the teaching assistants responsible for handling much of the introductory course material in college can know next to squat about teaching. The discrepancy didn?t seem odd to Cheryl Hanley-Maxwell, UW-Madison School of Education associate dean for teacher education, but then, “it?s a system I grew up in. Is it best practice? I doubt it,” she said.

Chris Rickert: Real pot preferable to new synthetic

Wisconsin State Journal

“Bottom line: More bad reactions, more unpredictable reactions and far less known as compared to marijuana,” said UW-Madison physician and addictions specialist Richard Brown, summarizing data from the National Institutes of Health. Now, real marijuana doesn?t exactly come with a list of ingredients and growing methods, either. It?s just that it doesn?t help to outlaw one high of questionable origin if it results in another, even more questionable high.

Brad Schwartz: Embrace scientific research despite politics

Wisconsin State Journal

The National Institutes of Health provides over $400 million in support for biomedical research in Wisconsin (over $260 million at the University of Wisconsin), resulting in jobs, intellectual property and the formation of more new companies and medical advances. Take a break from partisan politics and publicly endorse support of our nation?s investment in scientific research. Let our politicians know that research needs to be supported, regardless of who wins the election.

— Brad Schwartz, Stoughton, UW-Madison professor of medicine

Madison 360: Wray offers insights into ‘troubled’ University Avenue

Capital Times

Over the years, various Madison neighborhoods have been described as ?troubled,? but the adjective has usually been applied to low-income and transient residential areas. Troubled, of course, is a catch-all descriptor for places where bad things are repeatedly happening, and this year we have the ?troubled? 600 block of University Avenue. University is a heavily traveled urban thoroughfare, and the block in question has student bars sprinkled on one side and the upscale Fluno Center ? an executive education building that is part of the University of Wisconsin?s School of Business ? dominating the other.

Alfred W. McCoy: Impunity at Home, Rendition Abroad

Huffington Post

After a decade of fiery public debate and bare-knuckle partisan brawling, the United States has stumbled toward an ad hoc bipartisan compromise over the issue of torture that rests on two unsustainable policies: impunity at home and rendition abroad.

Andy Baggot: Badgers? Ball can’t carry on this way

Madison.com

If all of this is a sign of things to come in Montee Ball?s pursuit of the Heisman Trophy, then shut down the hype machine and shutter the campaign headquarters right now. In the seven months since he announced he was returning for his senior season with the University of Wisconsin football team instead of declaring for the NFL ? a revelation as welcome as it was unexpected ? Ball has lived a star-crossed existence that is nothing short of jarring.

Madison360: UW athletic department hits back on ‘reseating’

Capital Times

A few days ago I blogged in reaction to UW Athletic Director Barry Alvarez predicting he?ll advance a ?reseating? proposal for Badgers football and men?s basketball in coming years because the most frequent complaint he gets is from season ticketholders who cannot improve their seat locations. My summary response was that Alvarez might be out of touch with a loyal and mainstream fan base which cherishes its seat locations and feels jerked around in recent years by unrelenting increases in tickets, parking and mandatory donations in a bad economy. Response to my blog was strong and fairly passionate.

Wagner: How Long Will UW’s Pervert Professor Stay On The Payroll

WTMJ-AM Milwaukee

47-year-old Kennedy Waliaula was arrested by Madison police July 10th  after exposing himself to a UW-Madison student on a street corner.  Waliaula acknowledged flashing this young woman and several others.  He admitted to police that he “has a problem exposing himself in public”.

Madison360: Is Alvarez’s desire to ‘reseat’ UW fans out of touch?

Capital Times

“Don?t Flinch” was the title of Barry Alvarez?s autobiography, the saga of his successful and lucrative career in college football. But I bet flinching was exactly what many Badgers fans did after reading an insightful State Journal column in which the University of Wisconsin athletic director sounded intent on advancing an aggressive “reseating” scheme for UW?s two biggest sports. His plan would apparently force football and men?s basketball season ticketholders to pony up yet again or risk losing their seat locations.

Blum: Bad Chemistry

Wired

The start of the story is this: In December 2008, a 23-year-old research assistant named Sheri Sangji accidentally set herself on fire while working in a chemistry laboratory at the University of California-Los Angeles. She  died 18 days later in a hospital burn unit.

Andy Baggot: Fill Camp Randall before reseating it

Madison.com

With all the summertime chaos going on in your life, it?s possible you didn?t have adequate time to digest a significant piece of data offered up recently by University of Wisconsin athletic director Barry Alvarez. He told members of the UW Athletic Board last month the renewal rate for general public season football tickets for the coming season was 97 percent. Brian Moore, the ever-thorough assistant athletic director for ticket operations, subsequently bumped that up to 97.5.

Plain Talk: Cops know it?s high time to close Brady law loophole

Capital Times

A delegation of top law enforcement officers from throughout Wisconsin descended on our offices a few days ago to tell us about their push to get a federal law passed that would eliminate the loopholes to the 18-year-old Brady law that requires background checks to purchase firearms….

UW Police Chief Sue Riseling added that a federal law is needed to make the background requirements uniform throughout the country. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives estimates that 30 percent of the guns recovered at crime scenes have crossed state lines. Additionally, the background checks strengthen the national database, ensuring that guns don?t get in the wrong hands.

Evan Jager took to the steeplechase in short time

Charlotte Observer

LONDON – It?s not unusual for a track athlete to win a car for an exceptional performance. But at 13? That?s how old Evan Jager was when he took possession of a 1989 5.0-liter Ford Mustang, which instantly made him the most popular kid in his eighth-grade class in Algonquin, Ill.

Tom Oates: Time to look at realigning the Big Ten

Madison.com

CHICAGO ? Legends and Leaders? Ha. The Big Ten Conference divisions look more like Legends and Losers now. The geographically challenged football alignments the Big Ten so painstakingly pieced together don?t look quite as even now that Penn State has been busted by the NCAA for covering up the atrocities committed by former assistant coach Jerry Sandusky. The Nittany Lions? sudden fall has created short- and long-term competitive-balance issues for the conference.

Plain Talk: ?Too big to fail? sports brought to you by NCAA

Capital Times

Listening to NCAA President Mark Emmert?s speech announcing the penalties handed down against Penn State, I couldn?t help but wonder if he was doing it with a straight face. For at one point he said: ?One of the grave dangers stemming from our love of sports is that the sports themselves can become too big to fail, indeed, too big to even challenge. The result can be an erosion of academic values that are replaced by the value of hero worship and winning at all costs. All involved in intercollegiate athletics must be watchful that programs and individuals do not overwhelm the values of higher education.?

Really!

Richard E. Rieselbach, Patrick L. Remington, Patrick E. McBride, and John G. Frohna: Talk with your primary care physician about health care reform

Capital Times

The ACA is far from perfect, but by extending coverage to an estimated 93 percent of all legal U.S. residents, it is a major step forward in providing affordable coverage to nearly all Americans. It is the first U.S. law to attempt comprehensive reform touching nearly every aspect of our health system. The law addresses far more than coverage, including health system quality and efficiency, prevention and wellness, the health care work force, fraud and abuse, long-term care, biopharmaceuticals, elder abuse and neglect, and many other issues. Most physicians recognize that the road ahead will require congressional Democrats and Republicans to collaborate and modify some ACA elements, as is required after any major law.

Chris Rickert: Kohl’s gets deal; retirees get … job?

Wisconsin State Journal

A recent UW-Madison study projects 766,326 of the 808,914 additional people living in Wisconsin in 2040 will be over 65 ? a demographic shift that almost certainly will require more taxpayer-funded medical, housing and income help for this group whose working days largely will be over. So clearly, giving a multibillion-dollar company up to $62.5 million in tax credits over 12 years is the prudent thing to do.

Tom Oates: All campuses have lesson to learn from Penn State scandal

Wisconsin State Journal

Penn State got exactly what it deserved. The tattered image of the Big Ten Conference suffered yet another blow. And, after years of bowing to the lords of college football, the NCAA finally found religion. Well, hopefully, anyway….As for the Big Ten, which has taken image hits due to its failures on the field and NCAA scandals off it, the disgrace of consorting with Penn State will extend to the other 11 schools, including the University of Wisconsin. That will make the conference’s climb back to respectability that much tougher. There could be short-term benefits for UW, though.

The Precarious Profession of University President

Chronicle of Higher Education

Noted: The case of Carolyn A. (Biddy) Martin at the University of Wisconsin at Madison demonstrates the limits imposed on the discretionary actions of senior university leaders. Last year, then-Chancellor Martin, with the apparent prompting of the governor, proposed to expand the university?s autonomy by breaking away from some restrictions imposed by the UW system. The key proposal would permit UW-Madison greater tuition autonomy, given its special status as a flagship research university.

Chris Rickert: Will lowered test scores bring about broader change in Madison schools?

Wisconsin State Journal

Wisconsin has a “long way to go in all our racial/ethnic groups,” said Adam Gamoran, director of the Wisconsin Center for Education Research at UW-Madison. My hope is that, given Wisconsin?s overwhelmingly white population, proficiency problems among white students will spur more people to push for policies inside and outside of school that help children ? all children ? learn.

How to survive as a non-liberal on a liberal campus

Daily Cardinal

In 1951 a young Yale undergraduate wrote the book God and Man at Yale, which was a scathing criticism of the liberal ideological bent held by the instructional staff at Yale. The author, a young William Buckley, would go on to become the leading voice of the conservative movement during the second half of the 20th century. Unfortunately for those who share Buckley?s sensibilities, today the majority of collegiate institutions retain their liberal partisanship. As a young and eager student stepping out of my sheltered Waukesha County home onto this campus, I was in for a cultural shock. The two locales couldn?t be more politically polarized. The difference was night and day.

David Ahrens: UW should retain progressive employment policies

Capital Times

Although the Legislature killed Gov. Scott Walker and then-Chancellor Biddy Martin?s proposal to split the Madison campus from the UW System, an important element of the original idea survived. Like an evil spawn, the budget bill retained two important provisions. [A column by David Ahrens.]

Chris Rickert: It’s not landlords’ job to get us to vote

Wisconsin State Journal

In my first semester at UW-Madison, my dorm?s resident assistant or some other upperclass stand-in for the university escorted a bunch of us to the local polling place or to register to vote ? I forget which.It was a nice gesture in a presidential election year for kids who?d only recently arrived from out of town or out of state, but I would have voted anyway.

Andy Baggot: Playoff is better, but not easier

Madison.com

I can?t tell if Barry Alvarez really wants the assignment or if the University of Wisconsin athletic director is just sandbagging. When I asked him recently if he?d accept an invitation to be part of the selection committee that will determine the participants in the four-team football playoff that will debut in 2014, his answer sounded as if he was pleading the fifth. “I certainly would consider it,” Alvarez said. I thought he?d jump at it.

Bettsey Barhorst: Multiple approaches to college best

Wisconsin State Journal

Recent news stories have praised the announcement by the University of Wisconsin Colleges to offer high school students the opportunity to obtain high school and college credits simultaneously through dual-enrollment programming. We applaud the Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction and the University of Wisconsin Colleges for their efforts to improve access to higher education, because more degrees lead to a stronger economy….UW-Madison accepts more transfer students from our campus than from any other institution, including all of the UW Colleges combined. And full-time students who complete their associate degrees at Madison College save thousands of dollars a year in tuition compared to UW-Madison, making us a high quality yet affordable point of access to a four-year degree.