Category: Research

According to Betül Kaçar, an astrobiologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, organisms developing the ability to “eat” radiation isn’t out of the realm of possibility—in fact, it has happened already on Earth.

“Life found a way to eat pretty much anything it can on this planet. It’s quite remarkable,” she says. “If you think about it, the fact that life can capture photons [or particles of light] is ‘eating radiation.’ … For many microbes, the photons are great resources of energy. So phototrophs are an example of radiation-eating organisms on this planet.” Plants are well-known phototrophs, but sea slugs are unexpected ones, making their ability to gain fuel from radiation just as remarkable as that of the Astrophage microbes.

Phonics—how letters represent sounds—is critical to reading. But once students have mastered its rules, the bulk of their time should be spent working with authentic texts, experts say.

“There are indications, circumstantial indications, that what’s happening is a lot of overteaching,” said Mark Seidenberg, an emeritus professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, at the March 2 annual symposium of the AIM Institute for Learning and Research, a literacy professional development group.

Jonathan Martin, a meteorologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, has been tracking the size of this cold pool, tracing it back to when such reliable data began in the 1940s. Martin views the long-term cold pool data as a unique indicator of human-caused climate change.

“It’s one of the first free atmosphere, that is, away from the surface … measurements that conclusively show that the hemisphere is warming during the wintertime,” he said.

“The dice are loaded,” Martin said. As the world warms, it’s clear that cold pools are likely to keep shrinking and winters of the future are more likely to keep breaking warmth records.

Bamboo is more absorbent and “can hold more moisture without feeling wet, compared to cotton,” Majid Sarmadi, textile expert at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, said.

So are these sheets actually bamboo? Technically, yes. They’re made from the bamboo plant, but that’s not the full picture. Sarmadi compared the process of creating bamboo rayon to making spaghetti noodles. “When you make spaghetti, it is 100% wheat, but it’s in a different shape,” Sarmadi said. In short, you grind wheat into flour, then mix it with other ingredients to create dough. So, think of bamboo cellulose as wheat. There are different ways to extract and treat it, but the cellulose eventually becomes the yarn you weave into fabric. The result is far different from bamboo stock, but it’s still part of the origin.

Researchers can’t definitively say whether any of the men buried in the Kazakhstan mausoleums were related to Khan because they “still do not have a reference genome from Khan’s true relatives,” says lead author Ayken Askapuli, an integrative biologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, to the Badger Herald’s Allison Hayden.

“It’s hard to control the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, right, at the local level. But you can think about the things you can control,” says Zach Feiner, a fisheries biologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. “Maybe that means you make different harvest decisions. You keep fewer walleye. Maybe you decide to go fish for something … more resilient to harvest like a largemouth bass or bluegill that are more of a warm-water fish.”

Historically, people valued the ice for other reasons. “There’s a long history of ice harvesting in this region,” says Hilary Dugan, a limnologist — someone who studies inland waters — at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. “So [there was] just a lot of commercial activity on these lakes, cutting blocks of ice out of the lakes all winter.”