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Category: Research

Tricky survival tactics of the flu virus uncovered in new study

New Atlas

The two main viruses that cause the flu — influenza A and B — have existed for centuries and, although some antiviral advances have been made, these bugs have proven extremely difficult to eradicate. Now, researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW-Madison) have identified at least one secret to the success of influenza A, a finding that might arm researchers with another way to combat it.

Stuck for years without funding, Wisconsin’s state climatology office is now ‘open for business’

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

As part of a $9 million grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wisconsin’s state climatology office will get $1.25 million over four years to reinvent itself. The goal is to raise the profile of the office and make it the go-to spot when people want weather and climate information, said Steve Vavrus, who became the state climatologist this year and heads up the office. Vavrus, also a senior scientist at UW’s Nelson Institute Center for Climatic Research, had worked with the office frequently in past years.

Study finds ticks could possibly spread chronic wasting disease

Wisconsin Public Radio

As part of the study, lead author Heather Inzalaco, a post-doctoral researcher at UW-Madison, gave blood with CWD-positive material to ticks in a lab. She found that the ticks both ingested and excreted CWD prions.

“They were taking it up, simultaneously eliminating some of it in their frass, which is just a fancy word for tick poo,” Inzalaco said. “So it was in both places.”

These ‘super agers’ could help UW find key to keeping memory sharp

Wisconsin State Journal

Like others 80 and older who have superior memories for their age, Frantz is in a study of super agers at UW-Madison. Through cognitive tests, blood tests and MRI scans, the participants could help researchers identify biologic, behavioral, environmental and socioeconomic clues to keeping memories intact — and avoiding Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia — well into advanced age.

Opinion | Expanding our understanding of mental health challenges

The Washington Post

Andrew H. Miller at Emory University and Charles L. Raison at the University of Wisconsin, among others, have demonstrated a relationship between inflammatory processes and clinical depression. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is characterized by multiple neurologic and psychiatric symptoms and is thought to be caused by an overactive autoimmune response attacking a specific neuronal receptor site.

‘So much left to learn’: UW-Madison researchers contribute to discovery of ancient human burial site

Wisconsin Public Radio

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison are part of an international team working to understand the discovery of an ancient burial site created by early human ancestors.

UW-Madison anthropology professor John Hawks was part of the group that first found the bones in the Rising Star cave system in South Africa in 2013. The team, led by paleoanthropologist  Lee Berger from Johannesburg, first published the discovery in 2015. They released three new scientific papers this week detailing what they’ve discovered about the two locations of remains within the narrow passages of the caves.

1 Quick And Surprising Tool To Boost Your Performance Under Work Stress

Forbes

There is a direct link between self-compassion and happiness well-being and success. The more self-compassion you have, the greater your emotional arsenal. Studies from the University of Wisconsin show that meditation cultivates compassion and kindness, affecting brain regions that make you more empathetic to other people.

What Does Good Psychedelic Therapy Look Like?

New York Times

Noted: Twenty years of research has standardized the dosage of the drugs used in clinical trials, but the therapy part has not received similar scrutiny. Instead, therapists’ work is often based on tradition rather than empirical evidence, said Dr. Charles Raison, the director of clinical and translational research at the Usona Institute in Wisconsin and a professor of psychiatry at the University of Wisconsin.

‘If this decline continues, they’ll be gone’: Project works to boost monarch population

Wisconsin Public Radio

What started in a lab in the 1990s has evolved into a mass volunteer effort to track the monarch butterfly. Karen Oberhauser was a professor at the University of Minnesota when she and her students started collecting data on the monarch butterfly population in 1996. The next year, they started recruiting volunteers to help what became the international Monarch Larva Monitoring Project.

Earlier spring algae blooms tied to tiny invasive species, UW-Madison researchers say

Wisconsin Public Radio

Toxic blue-green algae is blooming on lakes months earlier than in previous years. UW-Madison scientists studying Lake Mendota think that’s a lingering result of infestations of tiny invasive species, zebra mussels and spiny water fleas. Interview with Trina McMahon, a professor of bacteriology, and civil and environmental engineering at UW-Madison.

2 Madison-area companies get federal money to help curb climate change through fusion energy

Wisconsin State Journal

Realta Fusion, a fusion energy startup founded in the fall of 2022, received $12 million from the federal government and other organizations to design a magnetic bottle device that could help reduce the reliance industries that make common materials like plastic have on fossil fuels, Realta said.

That company was spun out of a two-year project at UW-Madison led by physics professor Cary Forest, who is Realta’s co-founder and chief scientific officer. The money for that project — $10 million — came from the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Research Project’s Agency-Energy, or ARPA-E program.

Wisconsin researchers develop first hearing test for Hmong community

WUWM

About four years ago, Maichou Lor was living in New York completing a postdoctoral fellowship, when family members back home in Wisconsin kept telling her that her dad’s hearing was getting worse.

“He wasn’t responding to conversations even though he had a hearing aid,” said Lor, now an assistant professor of nursing at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. “I brought him in to see his doctor through the ENT clinic here at UW-Health.”

Weather station expansion seeks to aid Wisconsin farmers

Wisconsin Public Radio

Noted: Thanks to more than $3 million in grant funding, the University of Wisconsin-Madison now plans to establish 90 sites to monitor weather and soil conditions throughout the state by fall of 2026. The state currently has 14 weather stations.

Chris Kucharik, a UW-Madison agronomy professor, is overseeing the university’s effort to build the new network. He recently joined Wisconsin Public Radio’s “The Morning Show” to discuss how more weather and soil reports could be used and how researchers will decide where to build the new stations.

José Andrés, George Washington University team on global food institute

The Washington Post

At a typical university, many units can venture into the study of food — starting with, obviously, schools of agriculture. But academic institutes devoted to food have cast a fresh, interdisciplinary spotlight on the subject in recent decades. The University of Wisconsin at Madison has a Food Research Institute focused on food safety.

Mississippi River lock-and-dam system is outdated and in disrepair. What if it fails?

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Noted: If the upper Mississippi River had to shut down for one season because of lock and dam failures, the amount of agricultural goods displaced would equal between 367,000 and 489,000 loads by truck, according to a 2017 study from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, with the Mid-America Freight Coalition. It could cost up to $283 million to move those loads by truck, and upwards of $300 million if road damage is taken into account, the report said. And those estimates — the most recent available — were from six years ago. Today, according to the Consumer Price Index, the cost likely would be above $350 million.

Are Ticks Spreading Chronic Wasting Disease?

Field and Stream

A team of scientists from the University of Wisconsin, Johns Hopkins, and the University of Montana just added chronic wasting disease (CWD) to the long list of infectious diseases that ticks can carry and possibly transmit.

Better Data on Graduates’ Earnings Is Coming Soon to a Dashboard Near You. Will It Make a Difference?

Chronicle of Higher Ed

It’s not certain, however, that when outcomes data is presented in a more-personalized fashion, doing so improves its effectiveness. Deciding on a college and then a major is a complicated and sometimes yearslong process for many students. Bleemer, the Yale professor, cites research done in the 2010s by Matthew Wiswall, a professor of economics at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, and Basit Zafar, a professor of economics at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor.

Harvard-trained psychologist’s simple habit can protect you from burnout

CNBC

You can also prevent burnout by re-framing how you think about stress, Sorensen notes. She points to a study done by researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, which found that high levels of stress can increase the risk of premature death by 43% — but only among those who believed stress was very harmful. Those who did not see stress as harmful were no more likely to die.

These Next-Generation Vaccines Could Upend Cancer Treatment As We Know It

Inverse

Wilke, for instance, is the principal investigator for a breast cancer vaccine trial she’s running with colleagues from the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health in Madison. The team is testing whether people who have received treatment for triple-negative breast cancer — a particularly aggressive form of the disease — respond to a DNA-based vaccine that could boost their immune systems and prevent reoccurrence.

The Drunkest Cities in America

24/7 Tempo

To identify the U.S. metro areas with the highest excessive drinking rates, 24/7 Tempo reviewed data on the percentage of adults 18 and older who reported binge or heavy drinking within a 30-day period across all metro areas in the country from the 2023 County Health Rankings & Roadmaps, a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute joint program.

Over 30 million birds will land in Wisconsin beginning Friday; here’s what to know

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Bird expert and University of Wisconsin-Madison professor Stanley Temple said most of the birds that will make Wisconsin home on Friday were in Missouri or Arkansas on Thursday afternoon.

“There are so many factors that go into predicting where they will land, like wind and route, but it’s very likely they will be in Wisconsin by Friday morning,” Temple said.

Money available for nonprofits to address maternal and infant health disparities

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

The University of Wisconsin-Madison’s School of Medicine and Public Health has money to give away. Now it needs applicants.

The school is inviting nonprofit health organizations to apply for grants “to provide better care and address root causes of maternal and infant health disparities.” Awards will be made for a maximum of $1.15 million for up to two years. Applicants must propose working with community partners.

A better whey? Researcher wants to convert cheese byproduct into eco-friendly plastic

Wisconsin Public Radio

John Lucey, director of the University of Wisconsin-Madison’s Center for Dairy Research, wants to turn whey into the chemicals used to make plastics, adhesives and other consumer products that are currently being derived from petroleum. Just like our reliance on oil and gas, Lucey said the chemical building blocks made in oil refineries are holding us back from a greener future.

“We’ve got to replace those too unless we want to keep using fossil fuels,” he said. “These basic chemistry kinds of things, the stuff you would have learned in organic chemistry like butanol — we want to make those kinds of compounds because they can feed into the existing industry.”

Four things to know about some of the most overlooked educators in Wisconsin: child care workers

Appleton Post-Crescent

Family child care providers make an average of $7.46 an hour, while center-based teachers make an average of $12.99. Both make less than the average Wisconsinite with a high school diploma, according to research by Alejandra Ros Pilarz, an assistant professor at the Sandra Rosenbaum School of Social Work at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

She found poor wages and lack of career advancement opportunities are top reasons why 18% of family child care providers and 28% of ECE teachers plan to leave the field within a few years.

Political rifts end friendships, spark safety fears in Wisconsin, but civics can be healed

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Guest column authored by Nathan Kalmoe, executive cirector of the Center for Communication and Civic Renewal, Michael W. Wagner, professor of Journalism and Mass Communication and faculty director of the Center for Communication and Civic Renewal, and Dhavan Shah, Maier-Bascom professor and research director of the Center for Communication and Civic Renewal, all of UW-Madison.

Scientists use cheese to study fungal antibiotics

Popular Science

Wolfe and his team began by investigating a cheesemaker’s problem with mold spreading on the surface of the cheeses and disrupting the normal development of the rind. This causes the cheese to look like the rinds were disappearing as the mold invaded their cheese cave. They collaborated with microbiologist Nancy Keller’s lab at the University of Wisconsin to find out what this mold was doing to the rind microbes and what chemicals the mold may be producing that disrupted the rind.

NASA Images Show Smoke and Scorched Earth from Wildfires

Newsweek

These blazes have produced huge blossoming smoke chimneys. According to NASA Earth Observatory, researchers at the Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, found that the smoke pillars may have reached up to 39,000 feet tall, as far as the boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

This Green Bay business wants to help commercialize an innovative way to recycle plastic

Green Bay Press-Gazette

Noted: Green Bay is poised to become the home of the first commercial STRAP plant, which would take these kinds of plastics and make them into materials that can be used again.

This is done through a process called STRAP — which stands for solvent-targeted recovery and precipitation — developed from early work done by undergraduate students at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Now, George Huber, a professor in chemical and biological engineering at UW-Madison, is leading a team at the Center for Chemical Upcycling of Waste Plastics, or CUWP, working to take STRAP from the lab to a commercial setting.

The center is funded by a $10 million grant from the U.S. Department of Energy and is made up of people from UW-Madison and five other universities, a national laboratory and more than 20 industrial partners.

Could Genetically Modified Houseplants Clean the Air in Your Home?

Smithsonian Magazine

Bioengineered plants aren’t exactly new—other companies are using altered greenery to try and suck up more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. In February, poplar trees designed by the start-up Living Carbon took root in Georgia in what might have been the first planting of genetically modified trees in a U.S. forest. And researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison have experimented with mutated mustard plants that do the same thing.