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Category: Research

Labs throughout Wisconsin could significantly increase COVID-19 testing — if they could get the needed chemicals

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

UW Health has an automated instrument capable of processing about 1,200 COVID-19 tests a day, or roughly four times the number that its lab now typically does.

The instrument has yet to be used for a single COVID-19 test.

UW Health’s lab, like others throughout the state, has been unable to get the chemicals, or reagents, needed to process specimens on the instrument.

Clinical trial to begin using plasma from coronavirus survivors to protect those exposed, treat people who are already sick

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Quoted: The University of Wisconsin-Madison joined the project last weekend and is expected to host one of the clinical trials.

The work in Madison will be led by William Hartman, UW Health assistant professor of anesthesiology. Hartman said Madison will be one of the clinical trial sites, though he could not say how many patients will participate.

“I think we can be very hopeful in that it has exhibited success with previous coronaviruses including SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome),” Hartman said, referring to the use of survivor plasma.

Map Reveals Hidden U.S. Hotspots of Coronavirus Infection

Scientific American

The mapping team initially used data from a crowd-sourced tracker of county-level cases and validated them with estimates from state health departments. The researchers have since incorporated data from several other sources, and they are partnering with their colleagues at the University of Wisconsin–Madison to authenticate that information.

Mathematics as a Team Sport

Quanta Magazine

Autumn, from the University of Wisconsin, Madison, has dyed-blond bangs and traces of a Carolina twang. I knew her name from a widely circulated interview she gave a few years ago on being a trans woman in mathematics. Yair, of Yale University, is a recent empty nester with a graying beard and a gentle bearing.

UW research receiving $1.5M grant for COVID-19

NBC-15

Researchers and community organizations responding to the COVID-19 pandemic will be receiving funding from the Wisconsin Partnership Program at the UW School of Medicine and Public Health, according to a release on Tuesday morning.

Exact Sciences, Promega, UW Health and more partner with state to expand COVID-19 testing

Wisconsin State Journal

According to a statement from Gov. Tony Evers’ office, Fitchburg-based Promega, Madison-based Exact Sciences and UW Health, and Marshfield-based Marshfield Health Clinic System will work with the laboratory network to share knowledge, resources and technology to boost the state’s ability to test patients for the virus, which causes the respiratory disease COVID-19.

Engineers Made a DIY Face Shield. Now, It’s Helping Doctors

WIRED

Early last week, Lennon Rodgers, director of the Engineering Design Innovation Lab at University of Wisconsin-Madison, got an urgent email from the university’s hospital. Could his lab make 1,000 face shields to protect staff testing and treating Covid-19 patients? The hospital’s usual suppliers were out of stock, due to the spike in demand prompted by the coronavirus pandemic.

‘On My Own’ Author discusses her new book on community college STEM transfer students — and the challenges they face amid the coronavirus.

Inside Higher Ed

Community college transfer programs face challenges both at their home institutions and at the institutions to which students want to transfer. Add STEM to the equation and the challenges grow. Xueli Wang, a professor of higher education at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, explores those challenges and the way students meet them in On My Own: The Challenge and Promise of Building Equitable STEM Transfer Pathways (Harvard Education Press). The book follows 1,670 community college students for four years as they transfer to four-year institutions.

Scout, the canine star of WeatherTech Super Bowl ad benefiting UW vet school, has died

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Scout, a golden retriever who was the family pet of WeatherTech CEO and founder David MacNeil, has died.

The world learned about Scout’s triumph over cancer thanks to the help of the University of Wisconsin’s School of Veterinary Medicine during the Super Bowl. On Sunday, Scout “crossed the rainbow bridge,” according to an Instagram post on a feed dedicated to his exploits.

Coronavirus will affect everyone, even if you never get sick. But some people will be hit harder than others.

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Quoted: A 2015 study of influenza and credit card and mortgage defaults in 83 metro areas found the largest effects were for 90-day defaults, suggesting a flu outbreak has a “disproportionate impact on vulnerable borrowers who are already behind on their payments.”

“And that’s just a regular flu, not a pandemic where you actually are having people sent home before they’re sick,” said J. Michael Collins, one of the study’s authors and professor and director of the Center for Financial Security at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Before coronavirus, Milwaukee service workers could work more hours to get more money. Now, everything is closed — and they’re in trouble.

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Noted: One in five Wisconsin workers holds “a poverty wage job with few benefits,” according to a 2018 report from the Center on Wisconsin Strategy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

“Social distancing would be a lot less inequality promoting if we had the infrastructure of strong medical care, insurance and housing supports for low-wage workers, but we don’t,” said Laura Dresser, a labor economist and the associate director of the Center on Wisconsin Strategy. “That means that this crisis tends to push the inequality along, instead of the crisis showing how connected we are and pulling us closer together.”

Trump’s Ebola panic previwed his coronavirus response

The Washington Post

Trump’s path into politics was based on questioning the legitimacy of government and “the need to prepare for disaster by maintaining a closed society protected from infected outsiders,” University of Wisconsin researchers Thomas Salek and Andrew Cole concluded in a 2018 study of Trump’s use of the Ebola crisis. They said that Trump’s “apocalyptic rhetoric sketched some of the foundational features of his ‘Make America Great Again’ ” platform in the 2016 campaign.

‘Depressing and demoralizing:’ No state, federal action taken to combat foreign election interference despite UW research

WISC-TV 3

Before the 2016 election, University of Wisconsin-Madison professor and researcher Young Mie Kim analyzed millions of political ads, leading her to find evidence of Kremlin-linked groups placing divisive political ads on social media in order to further divide Americans and keep them home during elections. Kim has found anecdotal evidence of similar political ads ahead of the 2020 election.

Nuclear Fusion News

Twisted Fusion

Like a tokamak, a stellarator—such as the one at the University of Wisconsin-Madison shown above—is a donut-shaped (toroidal) plasma stream that generates power by fusing light particles into heavier ones. These generators must be brought up to temperatures like those of the sun and other, well, naturally occurring fusion plasma generators.

These Lab Animals Will Help Fight Coronavirus

The New York Times

Dave O’Connor, a pathologist at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, is working with colleagues to test the usefulness of monkeys in the study of coronavirus treatments. He said that a Chinese group had already published some data on rhesus macaques and he had heard that more results from other labs around the world would be coming soon.

How Saunas Could Boost Your Mental Health

Outside Online

In 2016, Charles Raison, a researcher at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, published an intriguing study of 30 patients with clinical depression. Half of them rested on a bed while an infrared heat-lamp array raised their body temperature to 101.3 degrees.

Mass cancellations, restrictions for COVID-19 pandemic unprecedented for most Americans

Wisconsin State Journal

The all-out effort to contain COVID-19 or minimize its consequences is something that hasn’t been seen since the “Spanish” flu pandemic in 1918-19, which killed an estimated 50 million people, including 675,000 in the U.S., said Richard Keller, a UW-Madison professor of the history of medicine.

Ideal Glass Would Explain Why Glass Exists at All

Quanta Magazine

The hidden long-range order of this putative state could rival the more obvious orderliness of a crystal. “That observation right there was at the heart of why people thought there should be an ideal glass,” said Mark Ediger, a chemical physicist at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Russia Trying to Stoke U.S. Racial Tensions Before Election, Officials Say

The New York Times

Independent researchers continue to identify social media accounts with Russian links. Race was among the top issues that such accounts tried to foster division over, said Young Mie Kim, a University of Wisconsin professor who studies political communication online. Others included nationalism, immigration, gun control and gay rights.

How monkeys, mice and ferrets are helping scientists to fight coronavirus

Nature

But no animal model is perfect. “There’s going to be a need not just for one animal model, but multiple,” says David O’Connor, a virologist at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Monkeys and mice tell researchers different things about infection, shedding light on factors such as the role of the immune system or how the virus spreads. “We can try to learn as much as possible as quickly as possible and integrate that with the emerging volume of data from the clinic,” says O’Connor.

Report: Russian Election Trolling Becoming Subtler, Tougher To Detect

National Public Radio

Quoted: A cache of Instagram posts captured by researchers showed that the Russians were “better at impersonating candidates” and that influence-mongers “have moved away from creating their own fake advocacy groups to mimicking and appropriating the names of actual American groups,” wrote Young Mie Kim, a University of Wisconsin professor who analyzed the material with her team.

Report: Russian Social Accounts Sow Election Discord-Again

The New York Times

The report from University of Wisconsin-Madison professor Young Mie Kim found that Russia-linked social media accounts are posting about the same divisive issues — race relations, gun laws and immigration — as they did in 2016, when the Kremlin polluted American voters’ feeds with messages about the presidential election.

Radium levels in public water supplies have increased in Waukesha County — and much of Wisconsin, study finds

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Increasingly, radium in public water supplies has become a notable element for other municipalities in suburban Milwaukee — and much of the state, new research from a Wisconsin study has found.

One ironic twist is that the levels in Waukesha, a community which was forced to find a solution to meet federally mandated radium limits, may have actually improved, albeit marginally, in recent years, the University of Wisconsin-Madison study suggests.

Democratic primary voters care about more than electability

The Washington Post

To explore this possibility, my colleagues at the University of Wisconsin at Madison’s Elections Research Center and I presented Democratic primary voters with a longer menu of reasons for their choice of candidates. In statewide surveys of 3,600 adults across the battleground states of Michigan, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin, we asked respondents whether they planned to vote in their states’ primaries.

U.S. now allowing Wisconsin hygiene lab, Milwaukee Health Department to do their own coronavirus testing

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Wisconsin is now conducting its own tests for the new coronavirus, but the state has yet to see its second case. As of Monday, 18 people in the state have tested negative and test results for two people remain pending.

The testing will be done at the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene on the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus and at the Milwaukee Health Department, health officials said. Test samples previously were sent to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta.

Research Finds Rising Radium Levels In Wisconsin Groundwater

Wisconsin Public Radio

Researchers with the University of Wisconsin-Madison and others analyzed groundwater data collected by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources from 2000 to 2018. They found radium levels were trending upward in wells drawing from a regional aquifer underlying the southern two-thirds of the state. The findings were published in a American Water Works Association journal.

Marmoset Stem Cells Could Be New Way To Study Parkinson’s

Technology Networks

“We know now how to insert a single mutation, a point mutation, into the marmoset stem cell,” says Marina Emborg, professor of medical physics and leader of University of Wisconsin–Madison scientists who conducted the study. “This is an exquisite model of Parkinson’s. For testing therapies, this is the perfect platform.”

Home, Health Go Hand In Hand, According To Policy Group’s Report

Wisconsin Public Radio

There’s also injury from electrocution when there are code violations,” said Dr. Geoffrey Swain, a retired family physician who worked on the research report funded by the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health and the Joseph and Vera Zilber Charitable Foundation.

Tom Still: Can Wisconsin help combat coronavirus?

Wisconsin State Journal

At UW-Madison, scientists are working to build non-human primate models to test medical countermeasures such as vaccines and therapeutics. David O’Connor from the School of Medicine and Public Health and Thomas Friedrich from the School of Veterinary Medicine are a big part of that team, which is hoping to work with others around the world.