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Category: Research

Scientists Seek To Solve Marten Mystery On The Apostle Islands

WPR

This fall, UW-Madison began a four-year project to find out whether martens on the Apostle Islands are relatives of those that were introduced in the 1950s. It’s also possible the animals came from a group of martens that were reintroduced into northern Wisconsin’s Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, according to Jon Pauli, assistant professor in the Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology at UW-Madison.

Key legislator tells Trump officials to back off on proposed overhead spending cap for NIH

Science

An influential legislator wants President Donald Trump’s administration and fellow Republicans to drop the notion of capping overhead costs on grants funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). And yesterday that lawmaker, Representative Tom Cole (R–OK), used his clout as chairman of the appropriations subcommittee that funds NIH to administer a dose of what he hopes will be preventive medicine.

How Beets Became Beet-Red

New York Times

Noted: Plants modify tyrosine by adding other molecules to create an enormous array of useful substances. This is how morphine is made in the opium poppy, and mescaline in cactuses. Intrigued by this process, Hiroshi Maeda, a professor at University of Wisconsin and senior author on the paper, collaborated with beet experts to study how the plants make betalains from tyrosine.

Scant data available amid Wisconsin CWD concerns

Portage Daily Register

“That’s the $64,000 question,” said University of Wisconsin veterinarian and Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory outreach coordinator Keith Paulsen. “Really what it shows us is that we don’t know enough about this disease and the argument that ‘This has been around forever and has never been a problem’ is really short-sighted. And this is new information that it could affect more than just one species and we need to know more.”

Is a dangerous bird flu on the horizon?

HealthDay

Public health officials have been worried about H7N9’s potential to eventually trigger a pandemic, or global outbreak.A new study could add to those concerns. Researchers at UW–Madison found that samples of H7N9 were easily transmitted among ferrets — an animal “model” that is considered the best proxy for human flu infection. And those infections were often lethal.

New H7N9 bird flu strain in China has pandemic potential: study

Reuters

In a study published in Cell Host & Microbe, flu expert Yoshihiro Kawaoka of the University of Wisconsin and colleagues tested a version of the new H7N9 strain taken from a person who died from the infection last spring.They found that the virus replicated efficiently in mice, ferrets and non-human primates, and that it caused even more severe disease in mice and ferrets than a low pathogenic version of the same virus that does not cause illness in birds.

The next wave of bird flu could be worse than ever

Science News

A new version of the H7N9 avian influenza virus might be able to cause widespread infection and should be closely monitored, scientists say, although it currently doesn’t spread easily between people. Researchers at UW–Madison isolated the virus from a fatal human case and tested it and two genetically modified versions in ferrets, which are susceptible to both human and bird flu viruses.

Will H7N9 flu go pandemic? There’s good news and bad news

Atlantic Monthly

In one year, H7N9 influenza’s highly pathogenic (“high-path”) strains have caused as many human infections as the previous four epidemics put together. As of September 20, there have been 1,589 laboratory-confirmed cases, and 39 percent of those people have died. “It was a matter of time,” says the flu expert Yoshihiro Kawaoka, from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. “It wasn’t surprising to see this change.”

Will H7N9 Flu Go Pandemic? There’s Good News and Bad News

The Atlantic

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) keeps a Most Wanted list for flu viruses. The agency evaluates every potentially dangerous strain, and gives them two scores out of 10—one reflecting how likely they are to trigger a pandemic, and another that measures how bad that pandemic would be. At the top of the list, with scores of 6.5 for emergence and 7.5 for impact, is H7N9.

KIINCE retrains the brain for stroke victims

Madison Magazine

KIINCE—shorthand for Kinetic Immersive Interfaces for Neuromuscular Coordination Enhancement—is a Madison-based corporation that has emerged from the research of Kreg Gruben, associate professor of the University of Wisconsin–Madison department of kinesiology.

Who are the canids in your neighborhood? “Nature” knows.

n 2014, a family of red foxes found a new home amidst the students and staff on the UW-Madison campus. Over the next several months, UW-Madison’s David Drake and his Urban Canid Project team invited members of the public to join them in their efforts to tag and track the foxes and coyotes roaming Madison’s streets. Quotes Drake and mentions University Communications’ Kelly Tyrrell.

Madison’s own star gazer

Madison Magazine

Eric Wilcots wanted to be an astronomer since he was a kid growing up in Philadelphia and watched the Voyager space probe images of Jupiter on television.

How undocumented immigrants became the backbone of dairies

WI State Farmer

In recent years, dairy farmers have become accustomed to cheap, flexible labor, said Jill Lindsey Harrison, a former University of Wisconsin-Madison faculty member who studied the rise in immigrant dairy workers in Wisconsin, a trend that started around 2000.

Weaning crops from nitrogen fertilizers wins federal grant for UW

Wisconsin State Journal

Plants producing their own nitrogen would require less fertilizer and reduce environmental pollution, and researchers at UW-Madison will be studying it thanks to a grant from a federal agency.UW-Madison and University of Florida researchers will share a $7 million grant from the Department of Energy to study how some plants partner with bacteria to create usable nitrogen, then transfering this to the bioenergy crop poplar.

UW gets $15.6M grant for materials research

Wisconsin State Journal

The Materials Research Science and Engineering Center at UW-Madison will be continuing its groundbreaking research for years to come, thanks in part to a multi-million dollar grant from the National Science Foundation.

Concussions linked to academic struggles in UW-Madison students

Wisconsin State Journal

“This is a very important time of their life, where they’re growing independent, making career decisions and planning a future,” said Traci Snedden, a UW-Madison assistant professor of nursing leading the research. “If their academic experience is affected because of their cognitive deficits, there potentially could be long-term ramifications.”

Study Questions Effect of Performance Funding

Inside Higher Education

A growing number of states — 35 so far — have created performance-based funding models that tie portions of appropriations for public colleges to outcome measures such as degree production or student graduation rates. A new research paper examines results of performance-funding formulas in Ohio and Tennessee, which are home to two of the most established of such policies. Advocates also cite the two states has having particularly sound approaches to performance funding.

‘IceCube’ telescope could solve ‘alien’ FRB signals

Daily Mail Online

They have mystified astronomers for decades. Fast radio bursts or FRBs are ephemeral but incredibly powerful radio bursts from space, which some have dubbed ’alien signals’ – and astronomers admit they know virtually nothing about them. Now, a new neutrino telescope could help uncover the mystery.

IceCube helps demystify strange radio bursts from deep space

Space Daily

“It’s a new class of astronomical events. We know very little about FRBs in general,” explains Justin Vandenbroucke, a University of Wisconsin-Madison physicist who, with his colleagues, is turning IceCube, the world’s most sensitive neutrino telescope, to the task of helping demystify the powerful pulses of radio energy generated up to billions of light-years from Earth.