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Category: Research

Carbon nanotube transistors promise faster, leaner processors

Engadget

The computing industry sees carbon nanotube transistors as something of a Holy Grail. They promise not just faster performance and lower power consumption than silicon, but a way to prevent the stagnation of processor technology and the death of Moore’s Law. However, their real-world speed has always lagged behind conventional technology… until now, that is. University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers have created what they say are the first carbon nanotube transistors to outpace modern silicon.

Map librarian finds 1966 crash site

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Jaime Martindale, librarian at UW–Madison’s Arthur H. Robinson Map Library, helped find the exact site in northern Wisconsin of the 1966 crash of an Air Force B-52 bomber.

Eyes in the sky

Isthmus

A new generation of satellites is sending back an unheralded amount of data, measuring air pollution, pollen, smoke and much more. But is anyone paying attention? And is the data even available? NASA recently tapped Tracey Holloway, a UW-Madison environmental studies professor, to make sense of the data.

The Scribbler: ‘Pennsylvania Dutch’ is thriving in America

lancasteronline.com

Mark Louden, author of “Pennsylvania Dutch: The Story of an American Language,” surely has written the definitive guide to the subject. He also has definitively answered such burning questions as: “Is it ‘Pennsylvania Dutch’ or ‘Pennsylvania German’?” and “Is ‘Pennsylvania Dutch’ (or ‘German’) dying?”

Curiosity may have killed the cat, but it can help us

The Boston Globe

On TV and online, sensational headlines grab our attention: “You’ll Be Shocked What Happened Next!” or “17 Secrets Cruise Ship Workers Don’t Want You to Know.” These clickbait headlines work because we want to satisfy our curiosity, so we watch, or click.

The Department of Justice Will End the Use of Private Prisons in America

Pacific Standard magazine

A 2015 study from the University of Wisconsin found that private prisons in Mississippi (which has one of the highest incarceration rates in the state) handed down more violations and increased inmate sentences more frequently than their state counterparts, elongating the amount of time a citizen spends in a prison bed and, in turn, jacking up profits for the facility. States may want to consider increased monitoring to prevent excessive violations to keep costs in line or having contracts that don’t just reward operators for filling beds but require them to produce outcomes such as reduced rates of recidivism,” observed Anita Mukherjee, the study’s author.

A backup plan may set your job search up to fail

Los Angeles Times

Jihae Shin of the Wisconsin School of Business at the University of Wisconsin and Katherine Milkman of the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania carried out a series of studies to investigate how forming a backup plan affected people. The research was inspired by a conversation the two had when Shin was a PhD  student of Milkman’s at Wharton and was thinking about how to land a job in academia.

Can curiosity help us make healthier choices?

Toronto Star

Noted: With fortune cookies in hand, American researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Northwestern University approached 100 people and offered them the choice between the plain cookie and the chocolate-dipped one, at first without the promise of a revealing fortune. In this control group, the less-healthy cookie was far more tempting — with around 80 per cent of participants picking it.

UW-Madison researchers in the right spot to collaborate on Zika research

Capital Times

Last October, Dave O’Connor and Tom Friedrich were talking about what they had learned about the emerging Zika virus when they realized they were in a sweet spot to take on an important public health research project. The University of Wisconsin-Madison not only has a School of Medicine and Public Health and a School of Veterinary Medicine, but the campus also offers facilities to breed and infect mosquitoes and has a primate center to allow for non-human primate experiments.

Stratatech, maker of replacement for skin, to be sold

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Noted: Stratatech was founded by University of Wisconsin-Madison researcher Lynn Allen-Hoffmann in 2001. After watching a surgeon operate on a farmer who had suffered third-degree burns across 95% of his body, she transformed her research into a company that would focus on developing a skin replacement created with actual human cells.

Quitting smoking may actually widen social network

Fox News

Smokers may worry that trying to quit will alienate them from other smokers, said coauthor Megan E. Piper of the Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. But in practice, people who quit actually gain nonsmoking friends, she told Reuters Health by phone.

Quitting smoking may actually widen social network

Reuters

Smokers may worry that trying to quit will alienate them from other smokers, said coauthor Megan E. Piper of the Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. But in practice, people who quit actually gain nonsmoking friends, she told Reuters Health by phone.

The search for a new type of neutrino turns up empty

The IceCube experiment, a particle detector at the South Pole that uses the ice itself to measure neutrinos, has shown that (hints of an elusive fourth type of neutrino) were probably just a mirage. After a years of analysis, researchers haven’t found anything. “We don’t see this—unfortunately, actually,” says principal investigator Francis Halzen. “I wish we had.”

Search for sterile neutrino goes dark

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

On the frigid central plain of Antarctica, where the sun rises only once a year, a set of 5,160 light sensors encased in a cubic kilometer of crystal clear ice sits poised to register the flash of passing quantum particles.

Sterile Neutrino Search Comes Up Empty At IceCube Lab

International Business Times

After conducting a diligent search for a hypothetical subatomic particle — the “sterile neutrino” — that would have filled in another blank of the Standard Model of particle physics, scientists at a particle detector in the South Pole are now almost certain that such a particle does not exist.

The downside to being prepared for failure

Boston Globe

New research suggests that having a Plan B is not necessarily a good idea. In the study “How backup plans can harm goal pursuit: The unexpected downside of being prepared for failure,” Jihae Shin and Katherine Milkman, researchers at the University of Wisconsin Madison and the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, respectively, found that backup plans diminish the desire to achieve the primary goal in the first place.

Laid-Back Sloths Are the Masters of Slow

Scientific American

When it comes to saving energy, three-toed sloths are on a league of their own—panda bears, koalas and opossums can’t beat them—according to a research paper by Jonathan Pauli and Zachariah Peery, of the University of Wisconsin–Madison. “We really expected them to have low metabolic rates, but we found them to have tremendously low energy needs—much lower than their cousins, the two-toed sloths, and the lowest documented for any mammal,” Pauli says.

10 Things Season Four Of “Orange Is the New Black” Gets Wrong About Life In A Women’s Prison

Huffington Post

Noted: It’s dangerous to give guards authority over someone’s length of sentence, especially in a privatized prison. A study out of the University of Wisconsin Business School last summer found that guards in private prisons write twice as many disciplinary reports than their public prison counterparts because these bad report cards cause the parole board to deny inmates who have documented history of behavioral problems. The end result is that the inmate serves more time. And earns more money for her jailer. Prisons have less to do with courtrooms than they do casinos – the house always wins.

Background noise can make it harder for toddlers to learn words

Fox News

Toddlers who spend a lot of time in a noisy environment may have a harder time learning to speak, a small study suggests. That’s because background noise – especially the kind that comes from voices on the television or radio – can make it tough for young children to learn new words, said study co-author Brianna McMillan of the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

FluGen starts tests of a new influenza vaccine on humans

Wisconsin State Journal

Based on research by UW-Madison scientists Yoshihiro Kawaoka and Gabriele Neumann and licensed exclusively to FluGen by the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the vaccine deletes a key gene in the influenza virus so the virus can infect the body’s cells and replicate once but cannot spread through the body and produce the flu infection.