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Category: Experts Guide

Wages, child care and more: Why the labor market isn’t growing

Wisconsin Examiner

Quoted: “These jobs aren’t the same jobs they were a year ago, and our lives aren’t the same lives that they were a year ago,” says Laura Dresser, associate director of COWS at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The research and policy center examines economic issues as they affect workers and employment.

Workers in the hospitality industry, already at the lower end of the wage scale, were especially hard hit.

“Those jobs make for very hard lives,” Dresser says. As the coronavirus spread, “either your venue shuts down and your work goes away, or if your work doesn’t go away, you’re exposed through your work.”

Oneida Co. judge threatens to jail a woman for not spending her stimulus check on rent

Wisconsin Examiner

Quoted: “This, to me, has an awful underpinning that seems like this is happening because the person is being treated differently because they’re low income,” Mitch, a professor at the UW-Madison School of Law who teaches tenant law, says. “It’s not just an issue that’s the result of poverty, poverty is causing these issues.”

A Wet Decade Shifts To Drought In Southern Wisconsin

PBS Wisconsin

Quoted: Dry conditions have been holding pretty steady for the past month or so, said Christopher Kucharik, a climate researcher and professor of agronomy and environmental studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The longer they continue, though, the more intense drought becomes, with southeast Wisconsin moving from a moderate to severe level as June started and hot weather descended.

Wisconsin Experiment Grows Cotton In Space To Help Crops On Earth

WUWM

For the first time, cotton seeds will germinate and grow in space over the next few days, under the supervision down here of UW-Madison botany professor Simon Gilroy.

Gilroy says he wants to clarify this is not to supply fabric for those in orbit. “Yeah, our classic joke when talking about the experiment is the astronauts are going to make their own suits. It’s not what’s its for,” Gilroy tells WUWM.

University of Wisconsin professor sends cotton experiment to space

Spectrum News

A professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison is taking his experiments to new heights at the International Space Station (ISS).

Dr. Simon Gilroy is a botany professor at the university. An experiment he and colleagues have been working on for the past three years is now making its way to the ISS after being launched Thursday.

The Geometry Of The World Around Us

Wisconsin Public Radio

Math may seem as though it only exists in an abstract part of our lives, but a new book shines a light on the geometry of everything around us. University of Wisconsin-Madison math professor Jordan Ellenberg joins us to talk about his latest book Shape: The Hidden Geometry of Information, Biology, Strategy, Democracy, and Everything Else.

Gresham School District Hits Milestone, Raises $1M For Students’ Scholarship Fund

Wisconsin Public Radio

Quoted: Supporters of the endowment are hopeful the funding will help students graduate college with a little less debt. Wisconsin falls in the middle when it comes to tuition costs for 4-year and technical colleges, said Nicholas Hillman, an associate professor in the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Education who directs the Student Success through Applied Research Lab.

Farmers’ share of average food dollar could increase

WAOW

Quoted: “The denominator part, or the biggest piece of that, was really that imports declined,” said Mark Stephenson Director of Dairy Policy Analysis at UW Madison.

While it’s too soon to tell now, experts believe that increase could widen because of the pandemic.

“We had restaurants and other institutional portions of sales just decline precipitously during much of 2020,” Stephenson said.

More forgetful lately? Blame the pandemic

WTMJ

If you’re feeling more forgetful lately, you’re not alone. There’s growing research that shows that the pandemic has impacted our memory.

Memory development expert at UW-Madison Haley Vlack explains how pandemic stress and social isolation have negatively impacted our memory and how we can get it back.

“It turns out the pandemic is pretty much the perfect storm for forgetting. Many of the experiences that we’ve been going through over the past year, cause forgetting. For example, loosing our normal routine,” said Vlack. “Many of us have been multi-tasking. We’ve been challenged with care-taking and work all at the same time. We’ve been socially isolated.”

Dane County Drops Public Health Orders

WORT FM

Across the state, local public health agencies are dropping their public health orders and mask mandates. The moves come as vaccination rates across the state climb, and as hospitalizations steadily decline.

But, just because public health orders have been dropped doesn’t mean we’re entirely in the clear.

For more, our producer Jonah Chester spoke with Ajay Sethi, an Associate Professor of Population Health Sciences at UW-Madison.

Dane Co. makes a pro-environment case to keep working from home

NBC-15

Quoted: Gregory Nemet, a UW-Madison professor studying innovation in climate change, said “staying home and not moving around” are not the ways to see a continued decline in emissions. The key, he said, is in applying clean technologies and digitalizing activities.

“I don’t expect that we would get the type of reduction that we saw this past year,” Nemet said, looking into next year. “But the flexibility that’s been shown and the ability to work remotely is likely to give us some improvement in the right direction.”

Free from masks and COVID-19 limits, Dane County resumes most activity

Wisconsin State Journal

Dane County residents could cast aside their face masks and gather without limits Wednesday after nearly 15 months of COVID-19 restrictions. But experts said that while the pandemic has clearly eased up here and around the country, the threat is not over. “The ‘officially over’ likely will be when the world sees a decline like the U.S. has seen,” said Dr. Nasia Safdar, medical director for infection control at UW Health. “That isn’t likely anytime soon.”

Cicadas, Black Flies, Mosquitos And More: Wisconsin’s Summer Bug Forecast

Wisconsin Public Radio

Can you see the 17-year cicadas in the Midwest? What’s with all the black flies? How can you protect yourself against ticks? What will this year be like for mosquitoes?

PJ Liesch — the “Wisconsin Bug Guy” and director of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Insect Diagnostic Lab — told us what insects are emerging this time of year in Wisconsin.

Study blames climate change for 37% of global heat deaths

Associated Press

“People continue to ask for proof that climate change is already affecting our health. This attribution study directly answers that question using state-of-the-science epidemiological methods, and the amount of data the authors have amassed for analysis is impressive,” said Dr. Jonathan Patz, director of the Global Health Institute at the University of Wisconsin.

Journalist Sues Chicago Mayor Over Interview Policy

Courthouse News

Quoted: Howard Schweber, a professor in the political science department at the University of Wisconsin, said Catenacci “has what is potentially a strong argument,” comparing the matter to when a federal judge told former President Donald Trump he could not block negative comments on his Twitter feed because it constituted a “limited public forum.”

10 New Books We Recommend This Week

New York Times

SHAPE: The Hidden Geometry of Information, Biology, Strategy, Democracy, and Everything Else, by Jordan Ellenberg. (Penguin Press, $28.) In fine-grained detail, “Shape” reveals how geometric thinking can allow for everything from fairer American elections to better pandemic planning. It offers a critique of how math is taught, an appreciation of its peculiar place in the human imagination and biographical sections about beautiful minds and splendid eccentrics. Ellenberg, a professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, is “rather spectacular at this sort of thing,” our critic Parul Sehgal writes. His “preference for deploying all possible teaching strategies gives ‘Shape’ its hectic appeal; it’s stuffed with history, games, arguments, exercises.”

Wisconsin: ground zero of America’s battle against vaccine hesitancy

The Guardian

Quoted: Wisconsinites have bifurcated politics, said Mike Wagner, political science professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Rural and Republican Wisconsinites value independence, hard work and feeling respected, but tend to distrust urban centers and government institutions. They are also more likely to live in less information-rich environments, Wagner said, including cities without daily newspapers. This has spilled over into Wisconsinites’ response to the pandemic.

“The best predictor of skepticism about vaccines, from our early analyses, is a belief that the election was stolen from President Trump,” Wagner said.

How Critical Is It To Reach Herd Immunity? Medical Experts Say It’s Not Clear-Cut

Wisconsin Public Radio

Quoted: While some estimates suggest communities can reach herd immunity when around 70 percent of the population is vaccinated, Dr. Matt Anderson, UW Health senior medical director of primary care, explains it isn’t an on-off switch.

“It’s really hard to say at what point we’ll reach it as though it’s a critical threshold,” Anderson said. “It’s more of a gradual decline in the case rates that we’ll see as we have more and more people being immune, and the best immunity is through vaccinations.”

Ajay Sethi is a professor of population health sciences at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and is faculty director of Master of Public Health Program. He said it will be clear that communities have reached herd immunity when there are no longer outbreaks of COVID-19 despite people returning to pre-pandemic daily activities like going maskless to concerts, sporting events, movie theaters, or restaurants without social distancing.

“In order for this to happen, most everyone will need to have protective immunity from either vaccination or past infection, but immunity from the latter may not be as long-lasting or durable,” he said.

After Slow Start, Nearly Half Of Wisconsin’s Prison Population Has Been Fully Vaccinated

Wisconsin Public Radio

Quoted: Health experts highlight that incarcerated individuals are at higher risk for COVID-19 outbreaks due to a limited ability to social distance and other societal factors, said Dipesh Navsaria, a physician and associate professor of pediatrics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health.

“People who typically are in carceral settings like jails and prisons (that) are disproportionately people of color, people with lower educational attainment and people who come from backgrounds of poverty, trauma, stress, and are often subject to racial bias and discrimination,” said Navsaria. “And all of these elements tend to play into just being at higher risk.”

Republican Lawmakers Reject Badgercare Expansion

WORT FM

Quoted: Evers’ bid to bolster Medicaid is less an “expansion” and more of a “restoration,” according to Donna Friedsam, a researcher with UW-Madison’s Institute for Research on Poverty.

Friedsam says that, prior to the Affordable Care Act, Wisconsin’s medicaid program covered parents and caretaker adults at up to double the federal poverty level.

“So, when the ACA came along, it said all states should cover everybody, no matter who they are, up to a certain level of 138% of the federal poverty level,” she told WORT. In 2021, 138% of the federal poverty level is about $17,700 for a single person.

Billions Of Brood X Cicadas Emerge

WORT FM

The high-pitched buzzing of the Cicada’s mating call is one of the most familiar sounds of summer. We see, or mostly hear, small amounts of these large and noisy insects every year, but this year they are coming in the billions if not trillions. Having been underground for 17 years the phenomenon known as Brood X have been emerging from the ground on the East Coast and the Midwest shedding their exoskeletons, and performing their mating call.

Director of UW-Madison’s Insect Diagnostic Lab and insect identification and biology expert Patrick Liesch joins Friday Buzz host Jonathan Zarov to talk about this phenomenon.

Which processed foods are better than natural?

BBC

Quoted: “Cows in cities were milked every day, and people would bring milk in carts back to their neighbourhoods to sell it,” says John Lucey, food science professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

“As cities got bigger, milk got further away and took longer to get to the consumer, which meant pathogens could multiply.”

Marijuana companies’ THC edibles mimicking candy favorites aimed at kids, confectionery lawsuits allege

Fox Business

Noted: A 2018 study lead by University of Wisconsin, Madison professor of pediatrics Dr. Megan Moreno found that some companies were flouting regulations on marketing, with social media posts that appeal to teens and promote therapeutic benefits.

The study noted around 1% of social media posts appeared to directly target teens, with one post explicitly showing a young person in the promotion, with several others using well-known cartoon characters, Reuters reported.

Gates’ divorce shines light on ‘gray divorce’ trend

WTMJ

Quoted: Dr. Christine Whelan, clinical professor in the Department of Consumer Science at UW-Madison, says it’s often not that the two are fighting, it’s just that they are ready for a new phase of life.

“When we say ‘til death do us part,’ back in the day that was somewhere in your 50s. Now, if you’re living until your 90s or even further than that, that can be decades more with the same person.”

As COVID-19 Restrictions Lessen, Returning To Normal Life May Take Some Time

WUWM

Quoted: Christine Whelan, a clinical professor in the School of Human Ecology at UW-Madison, said that returning to everyday life is going to look different for each person.

“If you’re an introvert, perhaps the last 15 months or so has actually been a source of relief to you because you haven’t had to do a lot of the things that stress you out or that actually deplete your energy,” she said. “If that is you, then now’s a really good time to pick and choose what kind of in-person social events you’re going to want to add back into your life.”

Why Do Intelligent Women Join Cults?

Institute for Family Studies

Quoted: The inclination toward self-help is strong in this country. As Christine Whelan, a professor at the University of Wisconsin who wrote her dissertation on the self-help industry, told me, “The NXIVM cult started out as a traditionally leadership self-help model of empowerment and behavior modification. …. the lessons that were being taught to the broad introductory group were fairly simple strategies for accomplishing goals in your life.”

But then, she notes, NXIVM faced the same problem that all personal-improvement workshops seem to face: “How do you continue to ‘transform’ people after they’ve completed the entry-level experiences?” she asks, adding: “You up the ante.”

Drug in Kentucky Derby winner’s system is commonly used

WTMJ

Quoted: There’s recently been controversy surrounding 2021 Kentucky Derby winner Medina Spirit’s credibility after traces of an illegal drug was found in the horse’s system during a postrace drug test.

The commonly used drug is called betamethasone.

Director of the Wisconsin Veterinarian Diagnostic laboratory at U-W Madison Dr. Keith Poulsen
says that drug is frequently used as an anti-inflammatory.

“When I was in practice, I would use it to inject a joint to calm down inflammation or arthritis,” said Poulsen.

Paulsen explains that the frequently used drug only recently became illegal on race day.

“In August the race commission had changed the ruling to no allowable levels in urine post tests in any horse that’s in a race. So, I think that’s where the conflict is now, is that the rule changed to no detectable levels and they did find some in the horse.”

New partnership works to improve vaccine hesitancy for families

WKOW-TV 27

Quoted: UW professor Christine Whelan has shared her expertise as part of Dear Pandemic, helping people understand how to talk with others about their COVID-19 fears.

“We can see people who say, absolutely I will never get the vaccine, and a couple of weeks later, they change their mind. So, interestingly enough the research has found that it is much easier to change your opinion, than it is to change your behavior,” she said.

Water levels drop in Great Lakes after record-breaking highs in 2020, years of steady increases

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Typically the Great Lakes follow a specific seasonal cycle, said Adam Bechle, a coastal engineering specialist with the University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute. The lakes bottom out in the winter when there’s more evaporation occurring as cold air moves in over the warmer water. Lake levels are highest during the summer, after snow melts and runs into them and rain falls.

But there wasn’t as much snow this winter, and this spring has seen most of the state enter drought-like conditions.

Water levels have been climbing steadily in the Great Lakes since 2013. Before that, historic low levels going back to the 1990s caused issues, too, forcing some cities to dredge out harbors and ports so boats could gain access. Fluctuating water levels also impact beaches, and recreation is impacted, too.

“So even those who aren’t directly impacted by the lakes, they still have an impact on their lives,” Bechle said.

The CDC’s guidelines on mask wearing have created confusion. Here are answers to 12 of the most common questions.

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Quoted: “The goal in all decisions is to minimize risk,” said Patrick Remington, an epidemiologist from the University of Wisconsin-Madison who formerly worked for the CDC.

“Assuming that the person who is immunocompromised is not able to be vaccinated, then it would be prudent for you to reduce your risk as much as possible, by continuing to wear a mask in public.”

‘We’re in a fragile situation’: COVID cases are rapidly declining in Wisconsin and most states, but they could surge again in winter

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Wisconsin reached its pandemic tipping point on Nov. 18.

That was the day the state recorded its highest number of confirmed new COVID-19 cases — 7,989 — and the virus began to flip from exponential growth to its opposite, exponential decay, according to Ajay Sethi, associate professor of population health sciences at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health.

UW math professor Jordan Ellenberg whips geometry into ‘Shape’

The Capital Times

What do Wisconsin gerrymandering, the 1904 St. Louis Exposition, the migratory patterns of ants and the debate over whether a straw has two holes or one have in common?

They have all occupied Jordan Ellenberg’s brain at some time, and they all make appearances in his new book, “Shape,” which comes out May 25 and is available for pre-order. Ellenberg, a mathematics professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, even drew a convoluted flow chart that appears at the front of the book connecting all of the book’s disparate topics. It was his homage to the intricate maps that often appear at the front of epic fantasy novels.

Dane County No. 1 in COVID-19 vaccination among large U.S. counties

Wisconsin State Journal

With nearly 63% of Dane County residents receiving at least one dose of the vaccine and new cases down, “we’ve temporarily reached a point where there’s adequate immunity and not a ton of new disease being reintroduced … but it’s a moving target,” said Dr. James Conway, a UW health pediatrician and vaccine expert.

“We’re getting really close” to herd immunity, said UW-Madison infectious disease epidemiologist Malia Jones, but “there’s no way to figure out exactly what it is until after the fact.”

Workforce shortage challenges reemerge as Wisconsin businesses dig out of the pandemic

Wisconsin State Journal

Laura Dresser, associate director of the Center on Wisconsin Strategy, a UW-Madison liberal think tank, agreed, adding that limited access to child care has kept many individuals, largely women, from returning to work. “The pandemic exposed and exacerbated every underlying inequality that this labor market generated and this is especially true for leisure and hospitality workers,” Dresser said. “These workers work at the bottom of the labor market, with the lowest wages around, and they have the weakest benefit packages.

Report says Wisconsin should outsource unemployment services after pandemic failures

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

After a year fraught with unemployment payment delays, high rates of unemployment denials, call center headaches and other issues, a new University of Wisconsin report suggests the state should outsource at least a portion of its unemployment system.

The report by conservative UW economics professor Noah Williams detailed areas the state lagged behind most other states as the wave of unemployment claims swamped the state’s Department of Workforce Development last year.

‘The day we have been waiting for’: COVID-19 cloud begins to lift as CDC issues new guidelines about going without masks

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Quoted: “I think it actually is the day we have been waiting for, the day we feel good and safe gathering indoors,” said Patrick Remington, a former epidemiologist for the CDC.

“The pendulum has really swung back,” added Remington, who directs the preventive medicine residency program at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. “Now the benefits of gathering in person for fully vaccinated people clearly outweigh the risks.”

Madison schools loosen grading standards, buck trend of more F’s during pandemic

Wisconsin State Journal

Diana Hess, dean of the UW-Madison School of Education and a professor of curriculum and instruction, said she wasn’t aware of any comprehensive surveying or research on the issue. “Generally, I am hearing that there was a lot of flexibility throughout the year — not necessarily standards lowering, but more options for students to meet standards in various ways,” she said. Michael Apple, also a UW-Madison professor of curriculum and instruction, agreed with that assessment, adding that “even with some districts having supposedly moved to ‘loosen standards,’ the reasons for doing this are often quite diverse depending on the political pressures from conservative and or progressive movements.”

Climate change is bringing heavier rains. Here are steps Wisconsin communities are taking to combat flooding

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

While the northern half has seen a smaller increase, Dane County has seen a 20% increase and Milwaukee County has seen a 15% increase, according to data from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Scientists started keeping records of precipitation levels in the 1890s, said Steve Vavrus, a climate professor at UW, and since then, all records for the state have been broken.

Climate change explains the rising amount of rain falling from the sky, Vavrus said. As temperatures rise, warmer air can hold more droplets of water.

“More moisture can be wrung out of the air than 100 years ago or so,” he said. “And climate models have been projecting that for a long time that as the climate warms, we’ll get more heavy rains.”

The census is months behind schedule. What that means for the fight over Wisconsin’s election maps

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Quoted: The new maps are supposed to be in place for the 2022 elections. But the delays could be so severe that Wisconsin’s existing, Republican-friendly maps will have to be used for those elections, said Barry Burden, director of the Elections Research Center at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

“It seems unlikely I think that the litigation would be resolved in time for elections to happen in new districts in 2022,” he said.

Keeping the old maps for another cycle “doesn’t feel right,” he said. “But I think courts often view it as the least bad option, as opposed to forcing candidates to make very quick decisions or changing the dates of primaries or something else.”

Business experts: Rebuilding consumer and employee confidence a joint project

Wisconsin State Journal

“We know that individuals do have different tolerance for the kind of risks-and-benefits trade-off,” said Nancy Wong, a consumer psychology professor at UW-Madison’s School of Human Ecology. “Some people are just naturally risk-takers and some are not.” Evan Polman, an associate professor at the university’s School of Business who researches decision-making and moral psychology, said risk aversion is “probably the most important dimension” for someone deciding when to resume activities outside the home. The community they live in factors into that decision, Wong and Polman said.

State health insurance pool for schools could save money, has bipartisan interest

Wisconsin State Journal

UW-Madison business professor Justin Sydnor, who specializes in risk and insurance, said insuring more school districts through ETF could be beneficial but questioned the need for a separate pool. “The high-level idea of leveraging ETF’s expertise at creating a big pooled plan and getting some competition among insurers makes some sense,” he said. “But why propose an entirely new program? Why not just work on whatever the issues are that are preventing more school districts from taking advantage of it?”

A minor change could bring the state $1.6 billion in federal dollars. Republican legislators are uninterested.

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Quoted: Republicans in Wisconsin first took their stance when Scott Walker was governor, contending that the federal government eventually could stop paying as much as promised for the expansion.

“There might be a little bit of Scott Walker legacy in all of this,” said Barry Burden, a political scientist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Paul Fanlund: Do science advocates share blame for anti-vaccination pushback?

The Capital Times

Professor Dietram Scheufele is an award-winning and nationally recognized expert on science communication at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and someone I’ve written about for years. He recently shared with me five thoughts about what could have been done differently to mitigate this stark divide over vaccine attitudes.

Post-pandemic retail: What’s in, what’s out

Wisconsin State Journal

Since the early days of e-commerce, many big-box retailers saw their brick-and-mortar stores as almost separate businesses from their online operations, said Hart Posen, a professor of management and retail expert at UW-Madison. The pandemic gave them an opportunity to experiment, and they discovered that one is not a substitute for the other. Rather, they complement each other. “Sometimes a customer wants to order online, drive there and pick it up,” Posen said. “Other times that customer wants to come to the store and look around.”

As participation in youth sports grows, more are winding up on the injured list

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Noted: The prime injury culprits are specialization — which the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health defines as participation in a single sport for more than 8 months of the year — and overtraining.

A groundbreaking 2017 University of Wisconsin study of 1,544 Wisconsin high school athletes found that those who specialized were 70% more likely to sustain a lower extremity injury than athletes who played multiple sports.

“Should we really be asking our young kids to do what we’re asking our collegiate athletes?” asked David Bell, associate professor of kinesiology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and director of the Wisconsin Injury in Sport Laboratory.

“Kids aren’t programmed to do a single sport for 15 to 20 hours a week for the entire year.”