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Category: UW Experts in the News

Human Evolution: Are Humans Still Evolving?

Time

Noted: Other recent genetic research has backed up that notion. One study, published in PNAS in 2007 and led by John Hawks, an anthropologist at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, found that some 1,800 human gene variations had become widespread in recent generations because of their modern-day evolutionary benefits. Among those genetic changes, discovered by examining more than 3 million DNA variants in 269 individuals: mutations that allow people to digest milk or resist malaria and others that govern brain development.

Bullying isnâ??t always face-to-face

Wisconsin Radio Network

Quoted: A bullying expert says a study in the Journal of School Health shows the number of kids whoâ??ve been the victim of insults online, mirrors those whoâ??ve dealt with face to face insults, â??Itâ??s the same experience but just in a new venue,â? says Amy Bellmore, Assistant Professor of Educational Psychology at UW-Madison.

Housing market feels impact of rising foreclosures

Wisconsin State Journal

Quoted: “Thereâ??s help out there, but there are also some people out there trying to take advantage of the situation and run scams,” UW-Madison real estate expert Stephen Malpezzi said, advising distressed homeowners to consult official sources such as the federal HUD Web site for help.

Footnote: Seasonal, swine flu vaccines can’t be combined in one shot

Wisconsin State Journal

Quoted: As in past years, the seasonal vaccine protects against three flu strains that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization believe will be the most common in the northern hemisphere, according to James Conway, an associate professor of pediatrics who specializes in infectious diseases at the UW-Madison medical school. The swine flu, or H1N1, vaccine will protect against only the swine flu strain.

The Sex-Housework Link

Wall Street Journal

Quoted: Other research supports the “work hard, play hard” thesis. Janet Hyde, a professor of psychology and womenâ??s studies at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, has found that it doesnâ??t lead to less intimacy in marriage when wives hold paid jobs.

How we’re evolving (Cosmic Log)

MSNBC.com

Our skulls and our genes show that weâ??re still evolving, but not always in the ways you might expect.For example, the typical human head has actually been getting smaller over the past few thousand years, reversing the earlier evolutionary trend. Meanwhile, East Asians are becoming lighter-skinned – and appear to have more sensitive hearing than their ancestors did 10,000 years ago. John Hawks, an anthropologist and blogger at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, points to such trends as evidence that “recent evolution is real.”

Seeking education that reconnects minds and hearts (Baltimore Sun)

Noted: Also along these lines, Richard Davidson of the Laboratory for Affective Neuroscience at the University of Wisconsin-Madison discussed how destructive, negative emotions can impair learning. Recent developments in brain imaging have enabled us to see that brains are plastic. They are constantly changing and growing, even among adults – a phenomenon called “neurogenesis” – and through specific types of training, we can enhance our capabilities for emotional regulation. Therefore, habits of mind and heart can change.

Thai king’s illness leaves countrymen anxious (AP)

Quoted: “For a country with a semi-democracy, semi-feudal political system, the end of the present reign puts everything in uncertainty,” said Thongchai Winichakul, a Thai studies scholar at the University of Wisconsin. “As democratic institutions are undermined and all political powers are dependent on the monarchy, the future of the whole country sadly hinges on this transition.”

Science For Science Writers

Science News

Noted: Rapid evolution suggest that mutations can explain historical events. Got milk tolerance? Your ability to digest lactose as an adult is relatively new in the human species. And, said John Hawks of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, provides evidence of rapid evolution over the past 10,000 years.

Budget crisis could spark big changes (Quad City Times)

Quoted: His across-the-board cuts are a blunt ax approach to budget-cutting that provides “some sort of positive political symbolism – everyone sharing the pain,” says Donald Moynihan, associate director of the La Follette School of Public Affairs at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. “It doesnâ??t differentiate between programs that are essential and programs where resources are perhaps less necessary.”

What Makes a Kidsâ?? Movie Scary

New York Times

Quoted: Joanne Cantor is professor emerita and director of the Center for Communication Research at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her forthcoming book is â??Conquer CyberOverload: Get More Done, Boost Your Creativity, and Reduce Stress.â?

A medical mystery tour

Isthmus

Quoted: “It is appalling that we have such a high infant mortality rate [among African Americans] in Wisconsin,” says Gloria Sarto, UW-Madison professor of obstetrics and gynecology and co-director of the UW Center for Womenâ??s Health Research. “Overall, birth outcomes in Wisconsin are very good, but in this specific population it is just dismal.”

Much of state’s stimulus money still in the bank

Wisconsin State Journal

Quoted: UW-Madison economist Andrew Reschovsky noted the stimulus bill quickly provided significant tax cuts and added payments to Social Security recipients and the unemployed. He said it also made sense to help schools and local governments as they struggle with busted budgets for years to come.

Being near nature improves physical, mental health

USA Today

Quoted here and elsewhere in the story:
“Its nice to see that it shows that, that the closer humans are to the natural environment, that seems to have a healthy influence,” said Dr. David Rakel, director of integrative medicine and assistant professor of family medicine at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health.

Backers make case for Wisconsin beer tax hike (AP)

Madison.com

Quoted: Robert Golden, dean of the University of Wisconsin school of medicine and public health, said the extra funding was greatly needed to try to reverse drinking rates he called astonishing.

“Clearly the current system is broken and is not working,” he said. “The strongest deterrent to drunk driving is a belief you have a good chance at getting caught. More law enforcement will keep people from getting behind the wheel … And for those who are caught, we do not have adequate access to evidence-based treatment programs.”

North America comet theory questioned

Nature

Noted: And at the Ecological Society of America meeting in Albuquerque, New Mexico, in August, Jacquelyn Gill, a palaeoecology doctoral student at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, reported finding no evidence of massive burning in sediment cores taken from lake beds in Ohio and Indiana.

Fighting the stress of pregnancy

The Times, UK

Quoted: Mary Schneider, Professor of Occupational Therapy and Psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, has taken up Harlowâ??s baton, showing that if you make a pregnant monkey stressed, her young will be more anxious and have a fear of being touched, which is common in autistic children.

Locals react to President’s Nobel Peace Prize win

WKOW-TV 27

Quoted: 27 News also spoke with a local political science professor at UW-Madison about the win. Professor Kenneth Mayer says, “Ultimately this is not going to make a huge difference to the success or failure of hiultimatelyncy.. and if anything.. it could possibly bolster opposition among Republicans, who may see that they may react that theyâ??re being pushed around by the international community.”

Why do flu viruses seem to circulate more in the fall and winter?

Wisconsin State Journal

Q Why do flu viruses seem to circulate more in the fall and winter?

A In Wisconsin and many other parts of the northern hemisphere, the flu virus enjoys a perfect storm of conditions for its seasonal act.

First, the virus has been shown to transmit more easily when the air is drier and temperatures are cooler, says Jonathan Temte of the Department of Family Medicine in the UW School of Medicine and Public Health. “When we plot flu occurrence with temperature, it picks up when the average temperature hits freezing and goes away when average temperatures rise above the freezing point. There is a very strong correlation with temperatures at the freezing mark and flu circulation.”

Lawmakers want to change exception in law

Wisconsin State Journal

Quoted: “If the goal is to make prosecutions more straightforward, (Taylorâ??s) bill will do just the opposite,” said Shawn Francis Peters, a UW-Madison instructor and author of “When Prayer Fails: Faith Healing, Children and the Law.”

Access denied: BadgerCare card doesnâ??t mean the doctor will see you now

Milwaukee Business Journal

The physician shortage will complicate access to primary care services for new BadgerCare members, said Dr. Carl Getto, senior vice president of medical affairs and associate dean for hospital affairs at the University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics in Madison.Steps are being taken to get more primary care physicians trained, but it takes seven years to train a new doctor, said Getto, who chaired the committee that authored the WHA report.

New cigarette branding lets colors do the talking

Boston Globe

Quoted: In his medical office, Dr. Michael Fiore regularly encounters patients seduced by labeling that touts cigarettes lower in tar and nicotine.â??They will say, â??Doc, I know I shouldnâ??t be smoking, but at least Iâ??ve switched to these mild, low-tar lights,â?? â??â?? said Fiore, director of the University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention. â??These are individuals who have a chronic case of tobacco dependence and are struggling to break free of it, and that struggle is compromised by labeling that gives them a false and deadly sense of reassurance.â??â??

Couple in faith-healing case get probation

United Press International

Quoted: “Due process is a very fundamental, procedural thing the courts take very seriously,” said Shawn Peters, a University of Wisconsin-Madison religion professor and author of “When Prayer Fails: Faith Healing, Children, and the Law.” “For me, it underscores the need for a public policy solution to clarify the laws.”

Served, Yes, But Well-Served?

Inside Higher Education

Quoted: Financial aid experts offer other reasons that might help explain the increase. First, the institutions recruit more aggressively than do their competitors for low-income students. â??The advertise — theyâ??re everywhere,â? says Sara Goldrick-Rab, assistant professor of educational policy studies and sociology at the University of Wisconsin at Madison.

Preserving Madison’s lost creeks

Capital Times

David Thompson wipes his damp forehead and adjusts his glasses. He’s dressed as if for a long hike – khaki hat, sturdy shoes – because he just never knows. A stroll around the west Madison neighborhood where he lives could turn into an afternoon of scrambling through overgrown ditches and ravines, snapping photographs and hunting for clues to buried streams.

Quoted: Ken Potter, professor of civil and environmental engineering, and William Cronon, Frederick Jackson Turner and Vilas research professor of history, geography and environmental studies.

Earthquake Warning Research (Popular Mechanics)

Quoted: “The state of knowledge of the subsurface is just at the beginning,” says University of Wisconsin-Madison geophysicist Harold Tobin, “Weâ??re at the point now where we need to move our experiments from the lab and see if what we think is happening is actually occurring on a larger-scale.” To that end, Tobin and his team have drilled 1-mile deep holes in a major fault zone off the coast of Japan and placed instruments inside fault lines to record subtle changes in activity.

Advertising that watches you, too (AP)

Globe and Mail (Canada)

Quoted: That might be as precise as the systems ever get, said Deborah Mitchell, a professor of consumer psychology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Even the human brain canâ??t always determine gender, age or ethnicity.

In Health Care Ads, Drug Firms Change Their Tune (NPR All Things Considered)

Quoted: Ken Goldstein, who tracks political advertising at the University of Wisconsin, says in 2009, something very different is going on.”Thereâ??s certainly been massive amounts of television advertising this time around,” Goldstein says. “But I think the real story is the dogs that arenâ??t barking. So, the last time around, you had the Harry and Louise ads [on Clintonâ??s health plan], you had an enormous amount of expenditures from the pharmaceutical companies. This year the big story is the $100 million, $150 million ads that the pharmaceutical companies are not running.”

UW Prof. Bill Cronon stars in Ken Burns’ The National Parks on PBS

Isthmus

What happens when a city’s media are subjected to wave after wave of staffing and budget cuts? One consequence is that even obvious, important and interesting stories fall through the cracks.

Exhibit one is the almost total failure of local media to notice that William Cronon, a UW-Madison professor of history, geography and environmental studies, has a standout role in all six episodes of Ken Burns’ stunning series The National Parks:America’s Best Idea. Wisconsin State Journal reporter Deborah Ziff wrote a two-sentence mention in a digest column. Other than that, a search of local news archives, even those of the campus papers, comes up empty.