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Category: UW Experts in the News

The air over Madison is clearing, but does the future hold more air quality concerns?

Channel 3000

Dr. Tracey Holloway, a professor at UW-Madison’s Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies and the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, says we likely haven’t seen the last of smoky skies from Canada this year.

“Since usually we have more smoke in July and August, where we’re just getting into that part of the year, it would not be surprising to have more smoky days ahead,” Dr. Holloway said.

‘Extraordinarily ambiguous standard:’ SCOTUS decision on affirmative action leaves many with questions

NBC-15

Professor of Political Science Emeritus at UW-Madison Howard Schweber referred to Thursday’s decision as a ‘sweeping giant statement principle.’ But he says an exception is equally notable.

“The giant loophole comes quite close to the end of the opinion when Chief Justice Roberts says ‘of course, a college or university may still continue race as it applies to a particular student’s individual life story described in their application essay.’ So what really happened here is a shift from one way to think about it is a shift from race consciousness in admissions to race consciousness in application,” Dr. Schweber said.

Neutrinos from the Milky Way finally detected

Popular Science

In 2013, IceCube detected the first cosmic neutrinos. In the years since, they’ve been able to narrow neutrino sources down to individual galaxies. “We have been detecting extragalactic neutrinos for 10 years now,” says Francis Halzen, a physicist at the University of Wisconsin and a member of the IceCube collaboration.

Astronomers Just Detected An Important High-Energy Particle In the Milky Way for the First Time

Inverse

“We now hope to have established the multi-messenger techniques that will allow us to pinpoint the cosmic ray sources in the galaxy which, arguably, represents one of the oldest problems in astronomy,” Francis Halzen, IceCube principal investigator and physicist at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, tells Inverse.

In a First, Scientists See Neutrinos Emitted by the Milky Way

Scientific American

IceCube had already definitively detected neutrinos streaming in from outside the Milky Way, but it couldn’t be said with certainty that any of them came from within the galaxy, says Francis Halzen, lead investigator of the project and a physicist at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. This was rather strange, considering the proximity of the Milky Way’s disk (in fact, our solar system is embedded in it) and the high likelihood that neutrinos form there.

A ‘loneliness loop’: How the American culture of busyness can increase isolation

MarketWatch

Christine Whelan, clinical professor of Consumer Science at the School of Human Ecology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, says an individual’s work ethic is at the core of what it means to be an American. You demonstrate to other people you are pulling yourself up by the bootstraps and are busy, indicating a sense of success. “Affluence and busyness seem to go together as status symbols,” Whelan said in a telephone interview. “It is easy to criticize it, but the culture demands it from us. We need to be careful about individual actions versus cultural norms.”

Many Black residents have been shut out of house market — one realtor is trying to change that

Wisconsin State Journal

Kurt Paulsen, professor of urban planning at UW-Madison, wouldn’t say that Dane County has made true progress in the last decade in terms of how people of color experience mortgage and rent cost burdens compared to their white counterparts.

It’s more like “slightly less bad but measured from a very bad starting point,” he said.

In private email, Devin LeMahieu says Senate has ‘no power’ to dump top election official before reappointment

Wisconsin State Journal

“The Senate’s attempt to initiate a confirmation hearing for Wolfe does seem to rest on very shaky legal ground,” UW-Madison Law School associate professor Robert Yablon said.

“When the commission met earlier this week, only three of members voted to re-appoint Wolfe,” Yablon said. “Notably, after this vote, the commission didn’t take the position that it had successfully reappointed her. It’s odd for the Senate to claim there’s been an appointment that the commission itself didn’t purport to make.”

Affirmative action ruling hits just as UW-Madison improves diversity

The Capital Times

In Wisconsin, the decision will likely have the largest effect on the University of Wisconsin System’s most selective campus, UW-Madison. While the school has long struggled to attract students of color, it recently ushered in its most diverse freshman class in the institution’s history. About one-third of last fall’s freshmen, or 2,695 total, identified as students of color.

U.S. Supreme Court ruling keeps open possibility of legal challenge to Wisconsin’s congressional maps

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

“If the (North Carolina legislators’) position in this case had prevailed, it would have meant that the Legislature in Wisconsin could have done congressional redistricting any way it wanted, without the Wisconsin Supreme Court being able to engage in any review of that based on the state constitution,” said Rob Yablon, a professor and co-director of the State Democracy Research Initiative at the University of Wisconsin Law School. “Now the door remains open, as it has been, to the state court making sure that whatever the state Legislature does is state constitutionally compliant.”

The ‘Forbidden Planet’ That Escaped a Fiery Doom

The New York Times

Melinda Soares-Furtado, a NASA Hubble fellow at the University of Wisconsin-Madison who studies planetary engulfment, called the study an “exciting” example of the “unexpected properties” revealed in star-planet interactions. She suggested that future research about the system involve experts on blue stragglers, a class of luminous stars that are thought to be formed by stellar mergers.

Tropical rainforests are still vanishing at an alarming rate

Vox

Brazil, again, offers a strong example: Some companies that slaughter cows for beef say they’re monitoring their supply chains to ensure that they aren’t driving deforestation; they’ve agreed to only source cattle from suppliers without recent forest loss. Yet those same cattle may have traveled through several other farms where deforestation happened before reaching the slaughterhouses’ direct suppliers, according to Amintas Brandão Jr., a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Wisconsin Madison. So in reality, those companies are implicated in environmental harm and misleading consumers.

One year after Roe v. Wade overturned, Wisconsin Democrats keep abortion rights at forefront

Wisconsin State Journal

“There’s a real irony there … that Republicans finally got what they wanted, in a way, after more than 50 years since Roe v. Wade, but it is costing them electorally,” UW-Madison political science professor Barry Burden said. “The Dobbs (v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization) decision helped keep Democrats competitive in an election cycle where they should have suffered pretty significant losses.”

Stuck for years without funding, Wisconsin’s state climatology office is now ‘open for business’

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

As part of a $9 million grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wisconsin’s state climatology office will get $1.25 million over four years to reinvent itself. The goal is to raise the profile of the office and make it the go-to spot when people want weather and climate information, said Steve Vavrus, who became the state climatologist this year and heads up the office. Vavrus, also a senior scientist at UW’s Nelson Institute Center for Climatic Research, had worked with the office frequently in past years.

Unpaid internships have long been criticized. Why are they still around?

The Washington Post

Matthew Hora, founding director of the Center for Research on College-Workforce Transitions at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, said that he “wholeheartedly” endorses a ban on unpaid internships and associated training programs, but he isn’t optimistic that they are going away anytime soon. Some disciplines, like social work, make them mandatory for graduation; employers in some fields, such as the arts, have limited resources; and others, he said, pointing to government, seem to “ignore the unethical nature of free labor.

A linguist on why talking can sound like singing

Popular Science

To put this practice into context, I spoke to two experts: Langston Wilkins, expert in hip-hop and assistant professor at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, and Dan Charnas, historian of hip-hop and associate arts professor at New York University. Both confirmed that the use of repetition to add musicality to spoken vocal samples is a common practice in hip-hop, but neither was familiar with Deutsch’s framing of the phenomenon as an auditory illusion.

Growers say they’re more often turning to irrigation to avoid stress on fruit and vegetable crops

Wisconsin Public Radio

Wisconsin hasn’t seen a clear trend of more drought conditions, according to Steve Vavrus, director of the Wisconsin State Climatology Office and a climate scientist with UW-Madison.

“In fact, if you look at the past 20 years or so since 2000, we had more drought episodes in the first half of that period than the last half,” Vavrus said.

To fight berry-busting fruit flies, researchers focus on sterilizing the bugs

The Associated Press

Lyric Bartholomay, a professor in the School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Wisconsin-Madison who studies integrated pest management and public health entomology who was not part of the study, said “increasingly tailored genetic approaches” will be necessary in the future to protect crops and people from pests, especially as insecticide resistance increases.

The Disinformation Game

Clean Wisconsin

Don’t believe everything you read on Facebook. Everybody knows that, but somehow misinformation still spreads like wildfire on social media, especially when it comes to climate change and clean energy like wind and solar. A sea of misinformation is getting in the way of badly-needed clean energy projects.Where are the false claims coming from, and why do people believe them? In this episode, what you can do to battle back – and recognize when disinformation is working on you. Host: Amy BarrilleauxGuest: Dr. Sedona Chinn, assistant professor of Life Sciences Communication at the University of Wisconsin-Madison

How to tell good advice from not-so-good advice

Vox

Humankind has long sought crowd-sourced answers to problems. From the 300-year history of the advice column to the plethora of advisers at our employ — spiritual, political, financial, emotional, professional, legal — people are inclined to make better choices when those actions have been guided by another. “We all have biases,” says Lyn Van Swol, a professor of communication science at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, “and if you can meld your perspective with another good source of information, you’re starting to cancel out some of your biases.”

Spirituality, Global Warming, and Grief: How Clergy Can Help Tackle Climate Anxiety

Mother Jones

Because no one was providing that, she created the Loka Initiative at the University of Wisconsin-Madison’s Center for Healthy Minds in 2019. While not specifically focused on climate emotions, the initiative trains evangelical leaders on climate science and also has organized a global event of Indigenous elders and environmental experts.

Experts say influential group’s guidance on CTE is too weak

CNN

“There are researchers out there who, rightfully so, want really strong data. We all should be striving for very strong evidence, but it’s very hard to come by in environmental exposure cases like this,” said neuroscientist Julie Stamm, a clinical assistant professor in the Department of Kinesiology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison who was not involved in the consensus statement. She agreed that cohort studies will yield the best evidence regarding CTE, “but that’s going to take decades,” she said.

Wisconsin is getting a new, vast weather station network. Here’s why it’s a game-changer.

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

A mesonet is a network of weather and environmental monitoring stations that observe mesoscale meteorological events — that is, local events that affect certain areas more than others. That can include extreme weather like heavy rain, hail, flooding and wind gusts. The key is they happen over a few miles to a few dozen miles, said Chris Kucharik, director of the mesonet project and professor and department chair of agronomy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Vulnerable to COVID-19, patient calls retreat of hospital mask mandates a ‘betrayal’

Wisconsin Public Radio

Some doctors are urging the return of masking mandates at hospitals. Dr. Kaitlin Sundling is a UW Health pathologist and an assistant professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison’s School of Medicine and Public Health. She is trying to gather public support for overturning UW Health’s decision in early May to scale back its mask mandates.

“It really is a mistake to take that protection away and to put both patients and health care workers at risk,” she said.

Study finds ticks could possibly spread chronic wasting disease

Wisconsin Public Radio

As part of the study, lead author Heather Inzalaco, a post-doctoral researcher at UW-Madison, gave blood with CWD-positive material to ticks in a lab. She found that the ticks both ingested and excreted CWD prions.

“They were taking it up, simultaneously eliminating some of it in their frass, which is just a fancy word for tick poo,” Inzalaco said. “So it was in both places.”

How DNA can help solve the mystery of what happened to Alexis Patterson

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Dr. Michael Cox, a biochemistry professor at the University of Wisconsin, told Unsolved that the scientists found examples where the genes only repeated between 10 and 30 times in the human population. Chromosome seven is one of the spots where those repeats occur.

“You inherit these alleles from your father and mother,” Cox said. “So you get one from dad and one from mom. So on chromosome seven at this one locus … you might get a repeat that repeats 12 times (from your mom). And from your dad, you get another chromosome seven and you might get one that repeats 17 times.”

To fight berry-busting fruit flies, researchers focus on sterilizing the bugs

AP

Lyric Bartholomay, a professor in the School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Wisconsin-Madison who studies integrated pest management and public health entomology who was not part of the study, said “increasingly tailored genetic approaches” will be necessary in the future to protect crops and people from pests, especially as insecticide resistance increases.

Aspiring Fathers Open Up About the Emotional Toll of Fertility Issues

The New York Times

Plus, while the impact of age on a couple’s fertility has historically focused on the woman, “there has been a lot of data gathered over the last 10 years that indicates that, as men age, their fertility potential does decline over time,” said Daniel H. Williams, a urologist who specializes in male infertility at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health.

Wisconsin has seen record-low unemployment for over a year. What does that mean for workers?

Wisconsin Public Radio

Timothy Smeeding, a professor of public affairs and economics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, told Wisconsin Public Radio’s “Central Time” that the tight labor market has helped low-wage workers the most.

“The good news is that there’s a lot of demand for low-skilled workers beyond bars and restaurants now (with) the expansion of infrastructure and construction,” Smeeding said.

Menzie Chinn, professor of public affairs and economics at UW-Madison, said that wage gains haven’t been evenly distributed by economic sectors. He noted leisure and hospitality workers have seen the largest wage gains since the pandemic, while wages for workers in all other non-farm sectors have seen slower wage growth.

“As far as we can tell, (leisure and hospitality workers) are beating inflation, at least in terms of the wage rate,” he said. “Now, I don’t know how many hours they’re working, and it’s going to be spotty because not everybody is going to be in a restaurant that saw their wages rise.”

Beyond wages, Laura Dresser, associate director of the COWS economic think tank at UW-Madison, said the tight labor market also gives workers more leverage to negotiate with their employers for more flexible hours or to confront workplace harassment.

“I think there’s a lot of evidence that in this tight labor market, low-wage workers especially have found ways to ask more from work to see their own value,” she said.

UW-Madison researcher Yonatan Mintz says be smart about artificial intelligence

Wisconsin State Journal

Yonatan Mintz tries to keep both the promise and the peril in mind in his research on what he calls the “human-sensitive applications” of artificial intelligence. On the promise side, the UW-Madison assistant professor of industrial and systems engineering is working on a project to make diabetes treatment more efficient and effective in poor urban areas in India.

Bowdoin’s mandatory job training reduces student stress

Inside Higher Ed

The boot camp occurs at a critical juncture in a Bowdoin education: just before students are required to declare a major. Matthew Hora, the founding director of the Center for Research on College-Workforce Transitions at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, said that although sophomore year may seem early for a university to mandate a career-development workshop, it aligns with other career trends. Many freshmen and sophomores now apply for internships, for example, whereas such positions used to be sought primarily by rising seniors.