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Category: UW Experts in the News

Drug in Kentucky Derby winner’s system is commonly used

WTMJ

Quoted: There’s recently been controversy surrounding 2021 Kentucky Derby winner Medina Spirit’s credibility after traces of an illegal drug was found in the horse’s system during a postrace drug test.

The commonly used drug is called betamethasone.

Director of the Wisconsin Veterinarian Diagnostic laboratory at U-W Madison Dr. Keith Poulsen
says that drug is frequently used as an anti-inflammatory.

“When I was in practice, I would use it to inject a joint to calm down inflammation or arthritis,” said Poulsen.

Paulsen explains that the frequently used drug only recently became illegal on race day.

“In August the race commission had changed the ruling to no allowable levels in urine post tests in any horse that’s in a race. So, I think that’s where the conflict is now, is that the rule changed to no detectable levels and they did find some in the horse.”

New partnership works to improve vaccine hesitancy for families

WKOW-TV 27

Quoted: UW professor Christine Whelan has shared her expertise as part of Dear Pandemic, helping people understand how to talk with others about their COVID-19 fears.

“We can see people who say, absolutely I will never get the vaccine, and a couple of weeks later, they change their mind. So, interestingly enough the research has found that it is much easier to change your opinion, than it is to change your behavior,” she said.

Great Lakes water levels drop 2020 record-breaking highs

USA Today

Typically the Great Lakes follow a specific seasonal cycle, said Adam Bechle, a coastal engineering specialist with the University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute. The lakes bottom out in the winter when there’s more evaporation occurring as cold air moves in over the warmer water. Lake levels are highest during the summer, after snow melts and runs into them and rain falls.

Is this a new moment for prison education?

Inside Higher Education

“I think everything seems to be aligning both in terms of the national interest in prison reform and prison education, changing rules about Pell Grants, increased awareness of racial discrimination, and I guess just a widespread understanding that change needs to happen,” said Emily Auerbach, founder and co-director of the Odyssey Project, which houses the University of Wisconsin at Madison’s prison education initiative, Odyssey Beyond Bars.

Water levels drop in Great Lakes after record-breaking highs in 2020, years of steady increases

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Typically the Great Lakes follow a specific seasonal cycle, said Adam Bechle, a coastal engineering specialist with the University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute. The lakes bottom out in the winter when there’s more evaporation occurring as cold air moves in over the warmer water. Lake levels are highest during the summer, after snow melts and runs into them and rain falls.

But there wasn’t as much snow this winter, and this spring has seen most of the state enter drought-like conditions.

Water levels have been climbing steadily in the Great Lakes since 2013. Before that, historic low levels going back to the 1990s caused issues, too, forcing some cities to dredge out harbors and ports so boats could gain access. Fluctuating water levels also impact beaches, and recreation is impacted, too.

“So even those who aren’t directly impacted by the lakes, they still have an impact on their lives,” Bechle said.

The CDC’s guidelines on mask wearing have created confusion. Here are answers to 12 of the most common questions.

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Quoted: “The goal in all decisions is to minimize risk,” said Patrick Remington, an epidemiologist from the University of Wisconsin-Madison who formerly worked for the CDC.

“Assuming that the person who is immunocompromised is not able to be vaccinated, then it would be prudent for you to reduce your risk as much as possible, by continuing to wear a mask in public.”

‘We’re in a fragile situation’: COVID cases are rapidly declining in Wisconsin and most states, but they could surge again in winter

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Wisconsin reached its pandemic tipping point on Nov. 18.

That was the day the state recorded its highest number of confirmed new COVID-19 cases — 7,989 — and the virus began to flip from exponential growth to its opposite, exponential decay, according to Ajay Sethi, associate professor of population health sciences at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health.

As the West Faces a Drought Emergency, Some Ranchers are Restoring Grasslands to Build Water Reserves

Civil Eats

“The more you’ve allowed your grassland to invest in its roots, the better off it is going to be during a drought,” said Randy Jackson, a grassland ecologist and professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Perennial plants—which stay in the ground year in and year out—continue to “photosynthesize and put their carbon and nutrients below ground, which is really their savings account.” In times of drought, it will draw more on the savings in the ground.

UW math professor Jordan Ellenberg whips geometry into ‘Shape’

The Capital Times

What do Wisconsin gerrymandering, the 1904 St. Louis Exposition, the migratory patterns of ants and the debate over whether a straw has two holes or one have in common?

They have all occupied Jordan Ellenberg’s brain at some time, and they all make appearances in his new book, “Shape,” which comes out May 25 and is available for pre-order. Ellenberg, a mathematics professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, even drew a convoluted flow chart that appears at the front of the book connecting all of the book’s disparate topics. It was his homage to the intricate maps that often appear at the front of epic fantasy novels.

Dane County No. 1 in COVID-19 vaccination among large U.S. counties

Wisconsin State Journal

With nearly 63% of Dane County residents receiving at least one dose of the vaccine and new cases down, “we’ve temporarily reached a point where there’s adequate immunity and not a ton of new disease being reintroduced … but it’s a moving target,” said Dr. James Conway, a UW health pediatrician and vaccine expert.

“We’re getting really close” to herd immunity, said UW-Madison infectious disease epidemiologist Malia Jones, but “there’s no way to figure out exactly what it is until after the fact.”

Workforce shortage challenges reemerge as Wisconsin businesses dig out of the pandemic

Wisconsin State Journal

Laura Dresser, associate director of the Center on Wisconsin Strategy, a UW-Madison liberal think tank, agreed, adding that limited access to child care has kept many individuals, largely women, from returning to work. “The pandemic exposed and exacerbated every underlying inequality that this labor market generated and this is especially true for leisure and hospitality workers,” Dresser said. “These workers work at the bottom of the labor market, with the lowest wages around, and they have the weakest benefit packages.

Report says Wisconsin should outsource unemployment services after pandemic failures

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

After a year fraught with unemployment payment delays, high rates of unemployment denials, call center headaches and other issues, a new University of Wisconsin report suggests the state should outsource at least a portion of its unemployment system.

The report by conservative UW economics professor Noah Williams detailed areas the state lagged behind most other states as the wave of unemployment claims swamped the state’s Department of Workforce Development last year.

‘The day we have been waiting for’: COVID-19 cloud begins to lift as CDC issues new guidelines about going without masks

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Quoted: “I think it actually is the day we have been waiting for, the day we feel good and safe gathering indoors,” said Patrick Remington, a former epidemiologist for the CDC.

“The pendulum has really swung back,” added Remington, who directs the preventive medicine residency program at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. “Now the benefits of gathering in person for fully vaccinated people clearly outweigh the risks.”

Wisconsin GOP leader cites bogus COVID info to nix request

AP

“I don’t know what research they are reading. But COVID-19 can clearly be transmitted via airborne spread,” said Patrick Remington, a former epidemiologist for the CDC and director of the Preventive Medicine Residency Program at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health.

“It might not be the predominant mode of transmission, but it is clearly able to be transmitted via small particles through the air,” Remington said.

Why Liz Cheney Matters

The New York Times

Provisions that target heavily Democratic areas — like Georgia’s limits on drop boxes — are particularly blatant. “The typical response by a losing party in a functioning democracy is that they alter their platform to make it more appealing,” Kenneth Mayer, a political scientist at the University of Wisconsin, has told The Times. “Here the response is to try to keep people from voting. It’s dangerously antidemocratic.”

AAPI Month: What kids, parents should be reading

USA Today

Leslie Bow, English and Asian American Studies professor at University of Wisconsin-Madison, says, “It’s important to expose children to racial diversity in children’s books because studies have shown that familiarity with children of color in stories reduces negative biases against racial groups.”

Report: Wisconsin unable to handle coronavirus unemployment crush

Washington Examiner

The Center for Research on the Wisconsin Economy, led by UW-Madison economist Noah Williams, released a report Monday that details just how bad things have been in the state.

“Only 3-in-10 Wisconsin workers who applied for unemployment insurance over the past year have been paid, and in recent months the rate has dropped to 1-in-8,” the report states. “Further, many of the unemployed workers who were paid endured long delays, with 30% waiting ten weeks or more for payment.”

FDA clears the way for adolescents ages 12 to 15 to get vaccinated

National Geographic

According to 2019 U.S. Census Bureau estimates, people younger than 18 account for about 22 percent of the American population. That’s why “it is really important for kids to be included” in vaccination efforts, says Malia Jones, an associate scientist in health geography at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Applied Population Laboratory. Their inclusion is “good news for herd immunity.”

The True Meaning of the Afghan ‘Withdrawal’

The Nation

Or put another way, there should be no mistake after those nearly 20 years in Afghanistan. Victory is no longer in the American bloodstream (a lesson that Vietnam somehow did not bring home), though drugs are. The loss of the ultimate drug war was a special kind of imperial disaster, giving withdrawal more than one meaning in 2021. So, it won’t be surprising if the departure from that country under such conditions is a signal to allies and enemies alike that Washington hasn’t a hope of ordering the world as it wishes anymore and that its once-formidable global hegemony is truly waning.

Alfred McCoyAlfred McCoy is the J.R.W. Smail Professor of History at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. A TomDispatch regular, he is the author of In the Shadows of the American Century: The Rise and Decline of US Global Power and Policing America’s Empire: The United States, the Philippines, and the Rise of the Surveillance State.

Madison schools loosen grading standards, buck trend of more F’s during pandemic

Wisconsin State Journal

Diana Hess, dean of the UW-Madison School of Education and a professor of curriculum and instruction, said she wasn’t aware of any comprehensive surveying or research on the issue. “Generally, I am hearing that there was a lot of flexibility throughout the year — not necessarily standards lowering, but more options for students to meet standards in various ways,” she said. Michael Apple, also a UW-Madison professor of curriculum and instruction, agreed with that assessment, adding that “even with some districts having supposedly moved to ‘loosen standards,’ the reasons for doing this are often quite diverse depending on the political pressures from conservative and or progressive movements.”

Climate change is bringing heavier rains. Here are steps Wisconsin communities are taking to combat flooding

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

While the northern half has seen a smaller increase, Dane County has seen a 20% increase and Milwaukee County has seen a 15% increase, according to data from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Scientists started keeping records of precipitation levels in the 1890s, said Steve Vavrus, a climate professor at UW, and since then, all records for the state have been broken.

Climate change explains the rising amount of rain falling from the sky, Vavrus said. As temperatures rise, warmer air can hold more droplets of water.

“More moisture can be wrung out of the air than 100 years ago or so,” he said. “And climate models have been projecting that for a long time that as the climate warms, we’ll get more heavy rains.”

“It’s a Nightmare”: Inside America’s Rural Housing Crisis

In These Times

Steven Deller, a professor at University of Wisconsin-Madison and expert on rural economies, says one factor contributing to Wisconsin’s rural housing crisis is the sharp decrease in construction of new affordable housing since the Great Recession. He says developers are focused instead on building luxury homes because they produce higher profits.

Invasive “jumping” worms are here to stay

Vox

The Amynthas species we have in the US (most commonly Amynthas agrestis and Amynthas tokioensis) are primarily from Japan and the Korean peninsula. In their home habitats, they evolved along with the local ecosystems — and the ecosystems along with them. But here, “just like any other invasive species that are displaced into a brand new habitat that might not have controls, they’re able to take advantage of that and go gangbusters,” says Brad Herrick, an ecologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Arboretum.

The week’s best parenting advice: May 4, 2021

The Week

“We’re not going to have the loud, raucous dining hall filled with incomprehensible yelling,” says Dr. Dipesh Navsaria, a pediatrician at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health who is helping create coronavirus protocols for camps. [The New York Times]

Is herd immunity attainable? UW Health expert weighs in

NBC-15

“Herd immunity is really when you have a high enough percentage of the population who are immune to a particular infectious disease such that the unvaccinated people are protected as well. Meaning that in this case the virus has a dead end. It doesn’t have the ability to go on and continue propagating itself and so basically the infection rate dies out at that point,” said Dr. Matt Anderson, UW Health’s Senior Medical Director of Primary Care.

The census is months behind schedule. What that means for the fight over Wisconsin’s election maps

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Quoted: The new maps are supposed to be in place for the 2022 elections. But the delays could be so severe that Wisconsin’s existing, Republican-friendly maps will have to be used for those elections, said Barry Burden, director of the Elections Research Center at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

“It seems unlikely I think that the litigation would be resolved in time for elections to happen in new districts in 2022,” he said.

Keeping the old maps for another cycle “doesn’t feel right,” he said. “But I think courts often view it as the least bad option, as opposed to forcing candidates to make very quick decisions or changing the dates of primaries or something else.”

Majority Of Madeline Island Residents Are Vaccinated. That Doesn’t Mean The Pandemic Is Over For The Community.

Wisconsin Public Radio

Having 80 percent of residents in a community vaccinated is an accomplishment and means virus transmission is less likely to occur there, said Ajay Sethi, an epidemiologist and director of the Master of Public Health Program at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. But it does not mean Madeline Island has eliminated the threat of COVID-19

U.S. travel industry wants more international visitors

The Washington Post

The key, experts say, will be weighing the risk of new variants against economic benefits and the need to resume normal life. Laura Albert, a professor of industrial and systems engineering at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, said the United States has reached a point where it can start to contemplate how it might reopen more widely, including to more travelers from abroad.

“We’re in a different place than we were a year ago,” said Albert, whose work focuses on analyzing risk in public spaces. “Last year, it was, ‘No, don’t do it.’ It wasn’t clear it was safe to be on a plane. This year, it’s how and where you go, not whether.”

Ajay Sethi, an epidemiologist and associate professor of population health sciences at Wisconsin, said travel always has been linked with the spread of viruses, but as more people are vaccinated, the risk is reduced. The wild card, however, is the possibility of new variants.

Bacteria wars are raging in soil, and it’s keeping ecosystems healthy

Popular Science

“The finding that growth and carbon uptake are higher in bacteria that may have predatory lifestyles than in other bacteria is interesting, and supports the idea that bacterial predators can play meaningful roles in the soil food web,” wrote Thea Whitman, a soil ecologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, who was not involved in the study, in an email to Popular Science

‘The Story Of Late-Night’: From Steve Allen & Johnny Carson To Desus & Mero, CNN Docuseries Explores The Changing World Of Talkshows

Deadline

The show also looks at Faye Emerson (right), widely considered to be the first-lady of late-night television, who paved the way for the likes of Chelsea Handler, Samantha Bee and Lilly Singh. Ealer said that Syracuse professor Robert Thompson led them to Wisconsin to talk to Maureen Mauk, a former Fox exec now at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, who helped preserve and digitize her archive. “Our eyes exploded because none of us had heard of her,” said Ealer. “In an era where we’re constantly and appropriately looking to evaluate ourselves and do better with representation, we took very seriously the obligation to do that in late night history. Maybe the first late night imprint on the moon was a woman and that’s pretty amazing.”

FDA wants ‘significant’ amount of extra data on AstraZeneca’s Covid vaccine

NBC News

Dr. William Hartman, principal investigator for the AstraZeneca vaccine trial site at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, said the delays are frustrating to clinical trial teams in the U.S. who “put in a tremendous effort” to study the vaccine.

But he supports FDA’s extra efforts. “They are looking under every stone, making sure that this is the safest product that can be put out there,” Hartman said.

Business experts: Rebuilding consumer and employee confidence a joint project

Wisconsin State Journal

“We know that individuals do have different tolerance for the kind of risks-and-benefits trade-off,” said Nancy Wong, a consumer psychology professor at UW-Madison’s School of Human Ecology. “Some people are just naturally risk-takers and some are not.” Evan Polman, an associate professor at the university’s School of Business who researches decision-making and moral psychology, said risk aversion is “probably the most important dimension” for someone deciding when to resume activities outside the home. The community they live in factors into that decision, Wong and Polman said.