Pepper spray is literally made from peppers, but it?s name might make it seem more innocuous than it is, wrote Deborah Blum, a journalism professor at the University of Wisconsin, in Scientific American. It ranges between 2 and 5.3 million Scoville units, which are used to measure the intensity of a variety of peppers. The Habanero, for example, ranks significantly lower ? 200,000 to 350,000 units.