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Category: Research

Board of Regents Okay UW-Madison Dairy Facility Upgrades

Wisconsin Ag Connection

A proposed $75-million remodeling project for the University of Wisconsin-Madison?s Babcock Hall has receiving the blessing of the UW Board of Regents. Last week, the panel gave its approval to a plan that would provide half of the funding for remodeling and expanding the dairy research and teaching space and ice-cream and cheese-making facilities in Babcock Hall. The project also includes building a new livestock and poultry products laboratory.

We could live longer, but most won’t

Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune

Dr. Richard Weindruch is a professor of gerontology and geriatrics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison who can tell you off the top of his head that a French woman by the name of Jeanne Calment lived the longest life of any known human, 122 years.

Ghana Needs Political Commitment to Fight Slums

allAfrica.com

Researcher Jefferey W. Paller, of the University of Wisconsin, Madison, has carried out a one-year field work on slums in the Greater Accra Region, specifically in Old Fadama, Ga Mashie and Ashaiman, and observed that it required a strong political commitment to fight slums in the country, especially in the Greater Accra Region.

Iowa research team investigating the roots of human self-awareness

Cedar Rapids Gazette

Carissa Philippi, who earned her doctorate in neuroscience at the UI in 2011, conducted a detailed self-awareness interview with Patient R and found he had a deep capacity for introspection, one of humans? most evolved features of self-awareness.

?During the interview, I asked him how he would describe himself to somebody,? says Philippi, now a postdoctoral research scholar at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. ?He said, ?I am just a normal person with a bad memory.??

Seely on Science: Chemical agents wage war against bacteria

Wisconsin State Journal

Scratch the surface of just about any branch of science and you?ll find chemistry. Yet it remains in some ways the invisible science as its practitioners toil away ? too often unnoticed and underappreciated ? figuring out the chemical underpinnings of the natural world and chemical solutions to some of our thorniest problems.

On the UW-Madison campus, for example, chemistry is showing us a way to better understand and fight one of the most dangerous of the many bacteria that have become resistant to antibiotics. The bacterium is called Acinetobacter baumanni, or A. baumanni, and it proved a terror in front-line hospitals in Iraq, earning the nickname “Iraquibacter.” But in her laboratory at UW-Madison, chemist Helen Blackwell and her colleagues have spent a decade unlocking some of the chemical secrets of A. baumanni and may be on the verge of finding a new weapon against the stubborn pathogen. Chemistry, it turns out, underlies that bacterium’s ability to become deadly.

Official state bird is ‘super spreader’ of West Nile virus, researcher says

Capital Times

The official state bird of Wisconsin is being called the primary culprit in spreading a deadly virus across the Northeast and Midwest. The American robin is being called the West Nile “super spreader,” based on research conducted by a team headed by UW-Madison infectious disease expert Tony Goldberg. “Robins are in the sweet spot,” Goldberg said in a news release from UW-Madison. “They are abundant, mosquitoes like to feed on them and they happen to support virus infection better than other species.”

Opinion: Scientists? Intuitive Failures

The Scientist

Scientists in the United States and Europe have long been concerned with how well the public understands science, writes Dietram A. Scheufele, Life Sciences Communication professor, but debates about how to best communicate science with lay populations are driven by intuitive assumptions on the part of scientists rather than the growing body of social science research on the topic that has developed over the past 2 decades.

Campus Connection: Examining the ?Mindset? of incoming freshman class

Capital Times

Freshmen entering college this fall have never seen an airplane ?ticket? and they probably have a tough time picturing people carrying luggage through airports rather than rolling it. To these first-year students, there have always been blue M&M?s, but no tan ones, while Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis and Richard Nixon have always been dead. And to these young adults, the Green Bay Packers have always celebrated with the Lambeau Leap. These factoids and many others are part of this year?s Beloit College Mindset List, which is designed to provide a glance at the cultural touchstones that help shape the lives of students entering college this fall.

Study: Binge drinking students report being happier

WKOW-TV 27

MADISON (WKOW) — Some health experts are concerned about a study released Monday on binge drinking in college. Researchers from Colgate University say college students who binge drink report being happier than those who don?t. “Oh, the drinkers were happier? Wow,” says Tyler Mitchell, a former UW-Madison student. “Everything is so glamorized,” says Lee Stovall, another former UW-Madison student. “It?s hard to take a step back and say, ?Maybe I could be happier bowling for a night or something random.?”

“When we look at alcohol use, there is a lot about the institution, public or private, small or large, urban or rural, that really affects alcohol use patterns. This is one study at one university,” says Sarah Van Orman, UHS executive director.

On Campus: UW study on college debt finds ‘middle-income squeeze’

Wisconsin State Journal

College costs keep rising. More students pile on student loan debt to get through. It?s a much-chronicled story in higher education. But a new study by UW-Madison professor Jason Houle reveals surprising findings about who gets soaked the most by these trends. It?s not the poor. Or the rich. It?s the middle class. On average, students from middle-income families leave college with $6,000 more in loan debt than their peers from poor families. Compared with higher income peers, the difference is even greater: middle-class students rack up $12,000 more.

Brad Schwartz: Embrace scientific research despite politics

Wisconsin State Journal

The National Institutes of Health provides over $400 million in support for biomedical research in Wisconsin (over $260 million at the University of Wisconsin), resulting in jobs, intellectual property and the formation of more new companies and medical advances. Take a break from partisan politics and publicly endorse support of our nation?s investment in scientific research. Let our politicians know that research needs to be supported, regardless of who wins the election.

— Brad Schwartz, Stoughton, UW-Madison professor of medicine

Ask the Weather Guys: Are there fall weather changes beyond turning leaves and falling temperatures?

Wisconsin State Journal

A: As we head into the second half of August a subtle transition in our weather begins to occur ? a transition that is probably hard to detect at first but that eventually becomes very obvious and then lasts for approximately eight months. We are not talking about the gradual reduction in daytime high temperatures or the increasingly cooler to cold nights, though these are also beginning to invade. Instead, we are talking about the nature of the storms that deliver our precipitation.

Study: Students from middle-income families incur higher student loan debt

Atlanta Journal-Constitution

One of the working research papers being presented at the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association in Denver this weekend deals with the disproportionate share of student debt that falls on students from families earning  between $40,000 and $59,000. Here is the official release on the paper by Jason N. Houle of the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Lake protection must continue

Wisconsin State Journal

“I?m looking at Mendota now,” lake expert Steve Carpenter said Thursday from his UW-Madison office. “It?s windy and wavy, and it?s looking pretty good.” But we?re not going to have ? nor would we want ? a drought every year, Carpenter stressed. The extremely dry weather damaged crops, lawns and the economy. “So what we want to do is find a way to improve the quality of the lakes without having a drought,” said Carpenter, the director of the university?s Center for Limnology.

Using Twitter to Crack Down on Bullying

Time.com

It?s hard to prevent bullying if you don?t know it?s happening. That?s why researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a program that they say is capable of detecting evidence of bullying from among the hundreds of millions of tweets sent each day.

Yoga, deep breathing used to address soldiers’ post-traumatic stress

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Rich Low dreamed of Iraq long after he returned home from the war.

The memories haunted him when he was awake, too. About six months after his deployment, he was driving at night when a sudden burst of lightning snapped him back to Baghdad and the bomb that exploded near him during a thunderstorm. Low?s pulse raced as adrenaline surged through his body even though he was driving on a road far from any war zone.He didn?t know post-traumatic stress was affecting him.

Not until he took part in a University of Wisconsin-Madison study that taught Iraq and Afghanistan veterans yoga, meditation and breathing techniques to cope with PTSD.

Potato gene bank stores world’s varieties

Los Angeles Times

Scientists like Shelley Jansky need access to genetic diversity to develop varieties that are resistant to pests and extreme weather. She?s working on solving the problem of verticillium wilt, a common fungus in the soil.Through the potato gene bank, Jansky has found a wild species of potato from South America that?s mostly immune to verticillium wilt.”It?s a tremendous resource that?s right at my fingertips. I call them and say, ?Can you send me this, this and this?? and they send me seeds in the mail,” said Jansky, a U.S. Department of Agriculture research scientist and associate professor of horticulture at the University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Penn State accreditation in jeopardy

WISC-TV 3

(CNN) – The organization that grants academic accreditation to Penn State has warned the school that it is in danger of losing that crucial status in the wake of the Jerry Sandusky child sex abuse scandal, the university announced this week. The move by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education is the latest blow for the beleaguered university, which has seen its reputation clobbered and its football program hobbled after investigators found school leaders did too little stop the abuse.

Drought creates danger of toxic fungi in surviving crops

Wisconsin State Journal

“It?s going to take a really unique year if we?re going to see it here, and we?re having that unique year,” said Joe Lauer, an agronomy professor at UW-Madison. Lauer said farmers also need to be on the lookout at harvest time for toxins from another genus of fungi called Fusarium. Those toxins can cause milking cows to become less productive and can induce farm animal miscarriages if ingested in high enough concentrations.

Climate action is good for health

The Canberra Times

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison recently reviewed dozens of studies of the money saved by improvements in air quality. The average benefit was about $46 for every tonne of carbon dioxide avoided. This makes Australia?s starting carbon price of $23 a tonne look a bargain.

Tech and Biotech: Tech festival, VentureLab put focus on entrepreneurship

Wisconsin State Journal

If you?ve ever thought about starting a company ? especially if there?s technology involved ? the next week or two should get those juices flowing. All sorts of activities are on tap, primarily tied to the Forward Technology Festival, Aug. 15-25. Meanwhile, 16 budding entrepreneurs will get intensive training on how to run a business at VentureLab Wisconsin 2012 at University Research Park.

Root Words

Emory University magazine

Deciphering the different dialects of the United States has been the delicate work of Joan Houston Hall 76PhD, chief editor of the Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE), since she finished graduate school at Emory and joined the project in 1975. Nearly a half-century in the making, DARE published its much-heralded fifth volume early this year, which reached the end of the alphabet?the final word being zydeco, a style of Cajun music common to Louisiana.

Ask the Weather Guys: What is a drought?

Wisconsin State Journal

A. A drought means different things to different people. Technically, a drought is a period of abnormally dry weather sufficiently long enough in a given area to cause a shortage of water, whether it is for crops, recreation, water supply utilities or other purposes. As you can imagine, a drought for someone who lives in a desert region would be very different than for a person living among Wisconsin?s many lakes.

Seely on Science: Exploring the human side of nanotechnology

Wisconsin State Journal

In today?s fast-moving technological world, some words can quickly lose their meaning. Take the word “nanotechnology,” for example. We see and hear it all the time. But, other than a vague sense that some pretty amazing things are being done with very small things, most of us don?t really have a handle on the promise of this science.

Exact Sciences expects to raise $50 million through additional stock offering

Wisconsin State Journal

Exact Sciences Corp. wants to raise $50 million to get its test for colon cancer ready to go to market, even though it will be more than a year before that happens, in the best of circumstances.

“Part of the thinking behind that decision has to be a reflection of their concerns about the general stock market overall,” said Brian Hellmer, director of the Hawk Center for Applied Security Analysis at the UW-Madison School of Business.

Campus Connection: Is it worth spending $2.5 billion to send a rover to Mars?

Capital Times

….I posed that question to a handful of academics around town to get their thoughts. Ed Churchwell, a UW-Madison professor emeritus of astronomy and an expert on topics such as star formation, infrared and radio astronomy, and issues of extraterrestrial life, says ?it depends on what value one puts on new knowledge.? Sanjay Limaye, a senior scientist with UW-Madison?s Space Science and Engineering Center, believes strongly in the value of space exploration but adds it?s worth asking whether NASA has focused too much attention on Mars.

UW scientists receive $1 million grant to study genome production

Wisconsin State Journal

Four UW-Madison professors will receive a $1 million dollar grant from the W.M. Keck Foundation to study genome production, according to a release from the university Wednesday. Aseem Ansari, Jennifer Reed, Parmesh Ramanathan and David Schwartz will lead the research into more efficient and less expensive ways to produce genomes, which contain the biological information about an organism encoded as DNA.

Solar cell meets sunflower

Chemistry World

Inspired by nature, Hongrui Jiang?s group at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, have developed a nanocomposite that twists and moves in direct response to the sun?s light and warmth and used that to make a device that significantly increases the output of solar cells.

Campus Connection: Researchers scour Twitter for bullying language

Capital Times

At first glance, Jerry Zhu seems like one of the last people on the UW-Madison campus you?d expect to be engaged in research on bullying. His website explains that he?s an associate professor in the university?s computer sciences department, and that his area of expertise is in machine learning. But Zhu is one of the leaders of a UW-Madison research team that has programmed a computer to scour millions of Twitter posts each day for cases of bullying in a unique, interdisciplinary project designed to compile vast amounts of information on this hot-button topic.

UW-Madison culling tweets about bullying

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Posts from the social media service Twitter are providing researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison a new way to study bullying among kids. UW-Madison researchers Amy Bellmore and Jerry Zhu, along with graduate students Junming Sui and Kwang-Sung Jun, have been able to teach a computer to identify tweets about bullying among Twitter?s 250 million daily posts.

Seely on Science: Heat waves more deadly than hurricanes, floods

Wisconsin State Journal

Science deals in data. But cold calculation wasn?t enough for Richard Keller, a UW-Madison professor of medical history and bioethics. Keller has been immersed in a project that he felt required more than numbers to convey the real science story. And the story he?s working on could not be more timely. The story is about heat and its power to kill.

Big data as a tool for detecting (and punishing?) bullies

GigaOM

A group of researchers has developed a machine learning model that can detect tweets relating to bullying, and even identify bullies, victims and witnesses. Next, it wants to add sentiment analysis to determine individuals? emotional states. But if they see trouble, how do they intervene?

Campus Connection: UW eyes resuming decompression sickness studies with sheep

Capital Times

After surviving a legal scare a little more than a year ago and then helping convince the Legislature to exempt researchers from state animal cruelty statutes, UW-Madison is taking steps to potentially begin a new series of decompression sickness studies using sheep.

“We are certainly alarmed about this development, although I can?t say we?re surprised,? says Rick Bogle, an outspoken critic of the university?s animal research projects and the co-director of the Madison-based Alliance for Animals. Eric Sandgren, who oversees animal research at UW-Madison, says that although plans to resume the studies are far from finalized, it would be ?irresponsible not to consider their resumption? due to a range of ?valuable information? past university research on this topic has produced.

Why Heat Waves Can Mean High Death Tolls

LiveScience

Researchers have long known that heat waves kill more people than other weather-related disasters do. And amid the hottest year on record and a scorching summer in the United States comes new research warning just how deadly heat waves can be.

Flavors of Uncertainty: The Difference between Denial and Debate

Environmental Health Perspectives

?Science, for various reasons, has become more politicized,? says Terry Devitt, director of research communications at the University of Wisconsin?Madison. ?Science, twenty years ago, used to have more cachet with the public, and that trust has been seriously eroded by coordinated attacks on science.? Devitt helped organize ?Science Writing in the Age of Denial Conference,? one of the first conferences focusing exclusively on science denial, which was held at the university 23?24 April 2012.

National Guard troops get crash course in ag

The Country Today

MADISON ? Captain Craig Giese of the Wisconsin Army National Guard grew up in an agricultural family ? his parents were both raised on Shawano County dairy farms ? but when he was assigned as the officer in charge of a 12-member Agribusiness Development Team that will deploy to Afghanistan early next year, he knew he needed some more agricultural knowledge.

On Campus: Study finds meaning of ‘just friends’ depends on if you’re male or female

Wisconsin State Journal

Men and women who are “just friends” have very different answers when posed with the usually unasked question: “Do you fancy me?” Young men: “More than you realize.” And young women? “Not as much as you think.” The answers come to us thanks to research published by psychology professor April Bleske-Rechek and other authors, all students, at UW-Eau Claire.

Blum: Bad Chemistry

Wired

The start of the story is this: In December 2008, a 23-year-old research assistant named Sheri Sangji accidentally set herself on fire while working in a chemistry laboratory at the University of California-Los Angeles. She  died 18 days later in a hospital burn unit.

U.S. Infectious Disease Chief Urges Flu Scientists to ‘Engage,’ Support H5N1 Research Moratorium

Science

A voluntary moratorium on potentially dangerous experiments aimed at understanding highly virulent strains of the H5N1 influenza virus should continue for the time being, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Director Anthony Fauci told a meeting of flu scientists here. But, he added, scientists should redouble their efforts to engage with the larger public to gain support for the vital but risky work.

School Spotlight: High school students study surgery

Five high school students are spending six weeks this summer exploring the field of surgery, even practicing skills like suturing at the simulation center that opened last fall on the first floor of UW Hospital. The minority students are participating in a first-ever Clinical Research Experiences for High School Students made possible because the UW School of Medicine and Public Health was one of nine institutions nationwide to receive grants from the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. The foundation launched the program because minorities remain underrepresented in medical research careers and some of the participants may become the first in their families to attend college.

Flu researchers bristle under federal policy

It has been four months since the U.S. government issued a hastily released policy for monitoring what is called dual-use research of concern (DURC), research that could pose significant risks to the public if misapplied. At a meeting in Times Square New York Monday, representatives of leading institutions that perform such research discussed their experiences fitting the new policy into their current procedures for managing research projects. Some were frustrated at the lack of definition in the policy and some expressed concern about what would be contained in an expansion of the policy that is soon to be released for public comment.

UW-Madison receives $7M grant for manure conversion projects

Wisconsin State Journal

UW-Madison has received a $7 million federal grant that will help a large dairy farm near Green Bay convert cow manure into ethanol, fertilizer and mulch.”The idea is to use virtually everything,” said John Markley, a biochemistry professor and a principal investigator for the project, which is a joint effort between the university, Madison-based biotech company Soil Net and Maple Leaf dairy farm near Green Bay.

UW’s Thomson gets $2.2 million grant for drug research

Wisconsin State Journal

A UW-Madison professor is set to receive a $2.2 million grant from the National Institutes of Health as part of a push to study drug safety. The NIH is giving up to $70 million over the next five years to research projects across the country that use “tissue chips” to predict how human cells will respond to some medications, according to a news release.

Blum: A killer without regret

Wired UK

In the summer of 1920, a 29-year-old son of Minnesota farmers docked his boat (acquired with stolen money) at a small island in New York City?s East River. One by one he hired out-of-work sailors to crew for him. And one by one, he shot them in the head with a Colt .45 and dumped their bodies in the water.

Training in meditation, exercise may reduce common cold, UW study finds

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Meditation or exercise may lower the rate, length and severity of the flu or common cold, according to preliminary findings of a randomized controlled trial conducted in Wisconsin. Whether, it?s frequent hand washing or covering the mouth when sneezing or coughing, preventing the common cold may not just be limited to these practices.

Editorial: Root for important research

Wisconsin State Journal

It?s exciting to see stem cell pioneer James Thomson attracting millions of more dollars to Wisconsin for exciting research. Yes, the famed scientist and so many of his talented colleagues in the public and private sectors still call Madison their home ? something we should all be proud of and thankful for. Thomson?s lab just landed a $2.2 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to help speed the discovery of drugs and improve their safety for humans.

The State Journal reported in April that Madison’s stem cell enterprise may not be as big as those in Boston, San Diego, San Francisco and other big cities on the coasts. Yet Madison likely has more people per capita working in the field ? and a drive to stay on top. Let’s root for this important sector of our economy that’s increasingly important in saving, improving and extending lives.

On Campus: Space-traveling, UW-built photometer on display in Madison

Wisconsin State Journal

It weighs 600 pounds, was built at UW-Madison, has visited space aboard the Hubble Space Telescope and is now comfortably retired on the South Side after about 535 million miles of travel. Now, the public can see this instrument, called the High Speed Photometer, at Space Place, 2300 S. Park St. in the Villager Mall. It is exhibited among other Wisconsin-built instruments and telescopes that tell a story of the university?s role in space exploration going back to the 1950s.