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Category: Research

In the news: What we’re watching Wednesday

Wisconsin State Journal

#UWRightNow: UW-Madison?s University Communications office will host a multimedia project to chronicle 24 hours on campus on Wednesday. A special website for the day will feature reporting, photography and video about students, faculty and research. The university community can contribute by using the Twitter hashtag #UWRightNow.

Wireless prize: Nearly 30 UW-Madison students are to compete Wednesday for more than $17,000 in prizes in the second Qualcomm Wireless Innovation Prize contest at the Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery. Students plan to show off their smartphone apps and other wireless technology products.

Could Bird Flu Be a Weapon? Dutch Law May Keep Flu Research Bottled Up

Discover Magazine

Publication of the controversial mutant avian flu papers have hit yet another roadblock. In March, a US advisory panel reversed its prior decision to take out experimental details from two reports about research that seemed to turn the H5N1 bird flu virus into a more virulent and deadly form. Under the original decision, some redacted information would have been available only to accredited researchers.

U.S. security advisers urge limits for data

AP

The U.S. biosecurity panel that recently lifted its objections to the publication of controversial bird flu studies has raised additional concerns about one of the papers, work conducted by a Dutch research team.

Tech and Biotech: Imbed Biosciences gets SBIR grant for wound-healing coating

Wisconsin State Journal

Imbed Biosciences has been working on an antibacterial coating that would prevent wounds from becoming infected as they heal, and a phase one Small Business Innovation Research grant will help push the project ahead, said Ankit Agarwal, president and chief executive officer. Imbed?s technology has been developed at the UW-Madison over the last four years by a group of chemists, veterinarians and surgeons. Agarwal, currently Imbed?s sole employee, said the grant will let him hire a second employee and contract with the UW for further studies.

Gregg Mitman: Happiness depends on environment, too

Wisconsin State Journal

The United States may be one of the richest nations on the planet, but we aren?t the happiest. Neither are Britain, Japan, Germany or many other wealthy countries, according to a new “World Happiness Report” commissioned by the United Nations. The United States ranks 11th in the report. Not surprisingly, the world?s poorest countries are far less happy than their well-to-do counterparts.

(Gregg Mitman is interim director of the Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies at UW-Madison.)

Awards In Business

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

University of Wisconsin-Madison professors received four awards in chemistry from the American Chemical Society.

$5 million addition to Aldo Leopold Nature Center promotes science of climate change

Wisconsin State Journal

“I’ve seen a lot of science museums, and I think this could be a model for the country, maybe the world,” said Jonathan Martin, chairman of the UW-Madison Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences. “I was just struck by how inspiring this is going to be to someone who is thinking about the science of the environment instead of the politics of the environment.”

Ask the Weather Guys: What was the weather during the Titanic’s voyage?

Wisconsin State Journal

A: There were northerly winds over North Atlantic in the months before the RMS Titanic left port. These winds likely played a role in pushing icebergs farther south than normal and into the Titanic?s path. When the Titanic left port in Queenstown, Ireland, on Thursday, April 11, 1912, it sailed under brisk winds from the north-northwest at 15-20 knots and a temperature of about 50 degrees.

Silly Putty for Potholes

Science NOW

Noted: There are plenty of familiar non-Newtonian fluids, says Michael Graham, a chemical engineer not involved in the project who studies non-Newtonian fluid behavior at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Mayonnaise, ketchup, silly putty, and even blood are examples. Although these substances seem very different, Graham points out that they all contain some sort of particle?and the interaction of those particles explains their behavior.

Nicholas Hitchon: ‘I feel very privileged to have been part of this, but it’s come at a big cost’

The Independent, UK

Britain?s first glimpse of Nicholas Hitchon in Seven Up! was as a tiny boy in Wellington boots, striding confidently along a Yorkshire country lane. When we meet him again next month, in the eighth instalment of what has become a TV landmark, he?ll be 56 and back in the Dales. During that time Mr Hitchon has gone from his one-room Yorkshire village school, where he was keen to “find out about the moon and all that”, to Oxford University and a successful academic career in America. The last time we saw him in 49 Up, he was in the US working as a professor in the University of Wisconsin-Madison?s electrical and computer engineering department and being interviewed with his second wife, Chryss.

The Stealth Celebrity Endorsement

Wall Street Journal

Can?t afford a celebrity endorsement? Consider buying rights to a fraction of a famous face and morphing it, imperceptibly, with a stock photo. That face, too, can be potent. Working?in this instance?before the Tiger Woods scandal broke, two marketing researchers at the University of Wisconsin blended the superstar golfer?s face with that of another male, with Woods? face constituting 35% of the final image.

Bias accusation rattles US biosecurity board

Nature

A closed meeting, convened last month by the US Government to decide the fate of two controversial unpublished papers on the H5N1 avian influenza virus was stacked in favour of their full publication, a participant now says.

Four UW chemists win prestigious awards

The American Chemical Society?s president was justifiably proud when four UW-Madison chemistry professors won awards during the ACS spring meeting in San Diego in March. The ACS president is Bassam Shakhashiri, a UW-Madison chemistry professor. “The selections are done by anonymous peer review,” Shakhashiri said in a UW-Madison news release on Thursday. “I had nothing to do with it except to sign the awards.”

Introducing: Erin Podolak

Scientific American

This is a series of Q&As with young and up-and-coming science, health and environmental writers and reporters. They have recently hatched in the Incubators (science writing programs at schools of journalism), have even more recently fledged (graduated), and are now making their mark as wonderful new voices explaining science to the public.

Introducing: Emily Eggleston

Scientific American

This is a series of Q&As with young and up-and-coming science, health and environmental writers and reporters. They have recently hatched in the Incubators (science writing programs at schools of journalism), have even more recently fledged (graduated), and are now making their mark as wonderful new voices explaining science to the public.

Hunt for the Masked Booby Goes Digital

Wall Street Journal

Birders hear more than they see, but songs can be hard to identify. If there?s a killer birding app on the horizon, it may be one that identifies a species based on the song. University of Wisconsin ornithologist Mark Berres is applying for a patent for an app he calls WeBird, which could be available next year. You?d record a snatch of bird song on your iPhone and use the app to compare the snippet with thousands of recordings in a database.

State’s hygiene lab tests pollutants from major historical sites

Wisconsin State Journal

Most people are familiar with the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene because of its routine but important work testing everything from well water for contaminants to blood samples for alcohol levels. But tucked away in various corners of the laboratory on Madison?s Far East Side are hints of a lesser-known and stranger science. Ice cores from the Greenland ice cap, for example. Scrapings from the walls of the Taj Mahal in Agra, India. Air samples from the refectory of Santa Maria Delle Grazie Church in Milan, Italy, home to Da Vinci?s “The Last Supper.” Though they may seem connected, these collections have ended up in Madison because of unique and sought-after research skills for which the state laboratory is internationally known.

On Campus: UW-Madison animal research programs get full accreditation

Wisconsin State Journal

Animal research programs at UW-Madison will be fully accredited for the next three years after two site visits from the Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care, according to a university news release Tuesday. The accrediting organization conducted an intensive, four-day inspection in October 2011, giving the program 18 commendations but finding areas for improvement.

Truth and Beauty

The Scientist

As a kid, Ahna Skop ruled the science fair. ?Every year I was in at least the top three, and I know I won grand prize once or twice,? she says. Not that her experiments always yielded the predicted results. ?One time I was trying to figure out whether mice would go in a particular direction based on color,? says Skop.

Scheufele & Brossard: Misguided Science Policy?

The Scientist

Public meetings and consensus conferences seem to be the tool du jour for many government agencies, including the National Institutes of Health and the US Department of Agriculture. Designed to give the public a voice in policy decisions, they can, in some cases, provide valuable insights into the local public?s views and opinions on certain issues. But they can also have disastrous consequences when used as a policy-making tool designed to tap public opinion more broadly.  And the likelihood of failure is particularly high when debates emerge in a community about if and where to build controversial facilities for storing nuclear waste or conducting research on potentially deadly biological pathogens.

Chris Rickert: Much of economy now tied to health care

Wisconsin State Journal

….My mother?s ordeal reminded me again that more health care does not necessarily mean better health. ?It may in fact lead to worse outcomes in that an ever-expanding supply of specialists and tertiary services can lead to excessive testing and procedures that are not necessary, are duplicative, and are costly,? said Donna Friedsam, the health policy programs director at the UW Population Health Institute. It?s that last unintended side effect that bothers me most ? the extent to which the human body has become a sort of raw material for economic development.

Flu research and public health: Out, but far from over

The Economist

Publish and be damned. That, in a nutshell, was the prevailing mood at a meeting held on April 3rd-4th at the Royal Society in London to discuss the controversy over two papers which lay out how deadly H5N1 avian influenza, or bird flu, can be made deadlier still by engineering it to pass directly from ferret to ferret. The gaggle of virologists, ethicists, security wonks, government types and representatives of funding agencies from around the world gathered at Britain?s pre-eminent scientific academy was more split when it came to the broader question about where research into dangerous pathogens was headed.

Ask the Weather Guys: What is dual-polarization radar?

Wisconsin State Journal

A: The next generation of weather radars, which are currently being installed throughout the United States, will improve observations of the interior of storm systems. These radars are called dual-polarization radars. Radar, an acronym for Radio Detection And Ranging, consists of a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter emits pulses of radio waves outward in a circular pattern.

On Second Thought, Flu Papers Get Go-Ahead

The end of an impassioned and often strident global debate over the proper balance between scientific openness and security began with 2 hours of mandatory, studious silence in a room protected by an armed guard.

UW-Madison will host hands-on science event

Wisconsin State Journal

Scoot across the floor in a device similar to a hovercraft. Drill a hole in ice using hot water. Learn how to photograph the transit of Venus in June, when the planet will appear to glide across the sun. UW-Madison?s Science Expeditions on Saturday will feature five major open houses, six science spectaculars, more than 20 venues and 60 hands-on exploration stations ? the largest collection of activities ever for the 10th annual event.

Bird Flu Mutations Revealed

The Scientist

Speaking at a meeting of the Royal Society in London on Tuesday (April 3), one of the scientists whose research resulted in an H5N1 virus that could spread easily between ferrets has revealed the details of how he did it. University of Wisconsin, Madison, virologist Yoshihiro Kawaoka told about 150 attendees of the 2-day meeting that 4 mutations and genes from the H1N1 virus appeared to make the bird flu virus strain readily transmissible between ferrets in his lab.

Experts talk about the new dangers of driving and electronic distraction

Chicago Daily Herald

He?s a Springsteen guy, not an Adele fan. So John Lee had no choice but to scroll through the song list to get past his wife?s pop favorites. Oops. Forgot about that driving thing. ?I took my eyes away from the road much, much too long. Three, four, five seconds,? Lee said with regret. We?ve all been there. But here?s the thing: Lee?s a mechanical engineer. A PhD. Professor at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Co-editor of ?Driver Distraction: Theory, Effect and Mitigation.?

On Second Thought, Flu Papers Get Go-Ahead

Science

The end of an impassioned and often strident global debate over the proper balance between scientific openness and security began with 2 hours of mandatory, studious silence in a room protected by an armed guard.

Madison360: UW grad went from nuclear wonk to protester

Capital Times

Roger Molander, a 1963 nuclear engineering graduate of the UW-Madison, had what you might call the mother of mid-career epiphanies. Molander, who died recently at 71, was an influential nuclear arms analyst in the White House and Pentagon during the Nixon, Ford and Carter administrations only to become one of the nation?s most prominent nuclear arms protesters.

St. Croix ranked healthiest county

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

St. Croix County, across the Mississippi River from Minneapolis-St. Paul, has unseated Ozaukee County as the healthiest county in Wisconsin in an annual health ranking released Tuesday.

2012 County Health Rankings Highlight Income Gap

Governing

While a myriad of factors determine a community?s overall health, a strong correlation exists between median household income and health outcomes, according to Governing?s analysis of data from the 2012 County Health Rankings, conducted by the University of Wisconsin and sponsored by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.

Controversial bird flu experiments produced no killer virus, scientists say

Washington Post

Two controversial research projects with the H5N1 bird flu virus haven?t produced a killer bug but have generated useful information, two researchers told scientists and bioethicists gathered here to talk about the benefits and pitfalls of manipulating deadly pathogens.

?We can use this information to understand what?s happening in nature,? Yoshihiro Kawaoka of the University of Wisconsin told the group, which is meeting to discuss experiments on the much-feared flu strain that has infected 600 people, killing more than half of them, since 2003. He said his work is already shedding light on outbreaks in Egypt, the country with the second-largest number of H5N1 cases over that period.

Scientist reveals how he made bird flu that could spread between people

Guardian (UK)

A scientist whose work was deemed too dangerous to publish by US biosecurity advisers revealed for the first time on Tuesday how he created a hybrid bird flu virus that is spread easily by coughs and sneezes.

In a conference presentation that was webcasted live to the public, he detailed how his team created the deadly virus. Professor Yoshihiro Kawaoka at the University of Wisconsin-Madison described experiments that pinpointed four genetic mutations enabling the virus to spread between ferrets kept in neighbouring cages. The animals are considered the best models of how the infection might spread between people.

UW-Madison surpasses $1 billion in research spending

Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

The University of Wisconsin-Madison crossed the $1 billion mark in research spending in fiscal 2010 and held its place as the third-biggest research institution in the country, according to new figures from the National Science Foundation.

‘Armageddon’ super virus recipe finally revealed

Sydney Morning Herald

Professor Yoshihiro Kawaoka at the University of Wisconsin-Madison described experiments that pinpointed four genetic mutations enabling the virus to spread between ferrets kept in neighbouring cages. The animals are considered the best models of how the infection might spread between people.

Lack of job skills contributing to high unemployment for males, UW study shows (The Capital Times)

The analysis, from the UW-Madison La Follette School of Public Affairs, said the current U.S. unemployment rate of eight percent masks a far greater problem, the precarious situation faced by men with few skills and modest education.”Twenty percent of American men ages 25 to 54 are not working, compared to less than 5 percent in the 1950s, and 35 percent of those men lack high school diplomas,” said UW-Madison Prof. Robert Haveman, co-author of the study.